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Facile synthesis and characterization of rough surface \(\mathrm{V}_{2}\hbox {O}_{5}\) nanomaterials for pseudo-supercapacitor electrode material with high capacitance

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Abstract

\(\hbox {V}_{2}\hbox {O}_{5}\) nanomaterials with rough surface were synthesized using commercial \(\hbox {V}_{2}\hbox {O}_{5}\), ethanol (EtOH) and \(\hbox {H}_{2}\hbox {O}\) as the starting materials by a simple hydrothermal route and combination of calcination. The electrochemical properties of \(\hbox {V}_{2}\hbox {O}_{5}\) nanomaterials as electrodes in a supercapacitor device were measured using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) method. \(\hbox {V}_{2}\hbox {O}_{5}\) nanomaterials exhibit the specific capacitance of 423 F \(\hbox {g}^{-1}\) at the current density of 0.5 A \(\hbox {g}^{-1}\) and retain 327 F \(\hbox {g}^{-1}\) even at the high current density of 10 A \(\hbox {g}^{-1}\). The influence of the ratio of \(\hbox {EtOH/H}_{2}\hbox {O}\), the calcined time and temperature on the morphology, purity and electrochemical property of the products is discussed in detail. The results revealed that the ratio of \(\hbox {EtOH}\hbox {/}\hbox {H}_{2}\hbox {O}= 10\hbox {/}25\) and calcination at \(400{^{\circ }}\hbox {C}\) for 2–4 h are favourable for preparing \(\hbox {V}_{2}\hbox {O}_{5}\) nanomaterials and they exhibited the best electrochemical property. The novel morphology and high specific surface area are the main factors that contribute to high electrochemical performance of \(\hbox {V}_{2}\hbox {O}_{5}\) nanomaterials during the charge–discharge processes. It turns out that \(\hbox {V}_{2}\hbox {O}_{5}\) nanomaterials with rough surface is an ideal material for supercapacitor electrode in the present work.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21601026), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT16LK37), Doctoral Research Foundation of Liaoning Province (201601035) and Science Research Project of Liaoning Province Education Department (L2015123).

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  1. School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People’s Republic of China

    Yifu Zhang & Yuting Huang

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  1. Yifu Zhang
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  2. Yuting Huang
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Correspondence to Yifu Zhang.

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Zhang, Y., Huang, Y. Facile synthesis and characterization of rough surface \(\mathrm{V}_{2}\hbox {O}_{5}\) nanomaterials for pseudo-supercapacitor electrode material with high capacitance. Bull Mater Sci 40, 1137–1149 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-017-1470-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-017-1470-5

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