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Integrating Psychology within the Globalizing World: A Requiem to the Post-Modernist Experiment with Wissenschaft

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Abstract

Since the new beginning in 2007 of Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Science we have brought out to the open both the reasons why the ever-widening research enterprise in psychology has largely failed to produce general knowledge, and to point to promising new directions in the field. The post-modernist turn in psychology is now over, and it is an interesting task to return to creating a universal science of psychology that is context-sensitive, and culture-inclusive. The latter goal entails a renewed focus upon qualitative analyses of time-based processes, close attention to the phenomena under study, and systematic (single-system-based—usually labeled idiographic) focus in empirical investigations. Through these three pathways centrality of human experiencing of culturally constructed worlds is restored as the core of psychological science. Universal principles are evident in each and every single case. Transcending post-modernist deconstruction of science happens through active international participation and a renewed focus on creating general theories. Contemporary psychology is global in ways that no longer can any country’s socio-political world view dominate the field. Such international equality of contributions grants innovation of the core of the discipline, and safeguards it against assuming any single cultural myth-story as the axiomatic basis for the discipline.

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Notes

  1. I keep using the German notion Wissenschaft when I refer to basic generalized knowledge (and ways of its construction), while using the English word science when referring to the common opposition of the field of activities of selected persons and social groups (“this [what/how we do X ] is science”) with their out-group (“this [what/how they do X ] is not science”).

  2. Importantly, it is only in the 1930’s, under the restoration of economic stability in Germany under the Nazi regime—and as a part of its own build-up of the military and eugenic systems, that the practices of applied psychology got a chance for extensive development. In contrast, in the both in Germany and the Soviet Union in the 1930’s the development of the theoretical side stopped—most psychologists emigrated or were silenced, and the whole area of psychology became declared extinct in USSR in 1936.

  3. A good example of the bifurcation of such survival is the fate of Karl and Charlotte Bühler after their arrival in the United States in 1938. Karl—world-famous theorist by that time—never found an academic position in the United States. Charlotte—younger and practice-oriented—thrived in the clinical psychology environment, finding a place under the label of “humanistic psychology”. Others had similar adaptation problems—Heinz Werner, after leaving Hamburg in 1933, could not find a permanent university professorship in the U.S. until 1947, working instead in practical contexts (Valsiner 2005b; Imanishi,).

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Acknowledgments

I am grateful to Koji Komatsu of Osaka Kyoiku University, Sergio Salvatore from University of Salento—whose friendly home in Lecce was a creative place for writing the final version of this paper—and Tatsuya Sato of Ritsumeikan University for feedback on an earlier version of this paper that was delivered as a keynote address at the Japanese Psychological Society on September, 19, 2008 in Sapporo. Many of the ideas mentioned here were in various versions discussed in the “K-Group” (“kitchen seminars”) of Clark University over the last decade.

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  1. Clark University, Worcester, MA, USA

    Jaan Valsiner

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  1. Jaan Valsiner
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Valsiner, J. Integrating Psychology within the Globalizing World: A Requiem to the Post-Modernist Experiment with Wissenschaft . Integr. psych. behav. 43, 1–21 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12124-009-9087-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12124-009-9087-x

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