Skip to main content
Log in

Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of Core Self-Evaluations Scale

  • Published:
Current Psychology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study examines the basic psychometric properties of the Core Self-evaluations Scale (CSES) originally developed by Judge, Erez, Bono and Thoresen. To date, it is the only available instrument that permits a conceptually pure quantification of core self-evaluations. Factor structures, validity, internal reliability were examined for the two Chinese subsamples. The two-factor model was confirmed via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The invariance between students and non-students was supported. The CSES was found to have satisfactory internal reliability and test-retest reliability. The results of the present study are comparable with those obtained in previous work with measures of social support, emotional intelligence and life satisfaction and increase support for the validity of this instrument. The questionnaire can be used in Chinese adults.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahmetoglu, G., Leutner, F., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2011). EQ-nomics: understanding the relationship between individual differences in trait emotional intelligence and entrepreneurship. Personality and Individual Differences, 51, 1028–1033.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akaike, H. (1987). Factor analysis and AIC. Psychometrika, 52, 317–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bachman, J., & O’Malley, P. (1986). Self-concepts, self-esteem, and educational experiences: the frog pond revisited (again). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 35–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brunborg, G. S. (2008). Core self-evaluations. European Psychologist, 13, 96–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO personality inventory and NEO five-factor inventory professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71–75.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Erez, A., & Judge, T. A. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations to goal setting, motivation, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 1270–1279.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ferris, D. L., Rosen, C. R., Johnson, R. E., Brown, D. J., Risavy, S. D., & Heller, D. (2011). Approach or avoidance (or both?): integrating core self-evaluations within an approach/avoidance framework. Personnel Psychology, 64, 137–161.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gable, S. L., Reis, H. T., & Elliot, A. J. (2003). Evidence for bivariate systems: an empirical test of appetition and aversion across domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 349–372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith, R. E. (1986). Dimensionality of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 1, 253–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heilmann, T., & Jonas, K. (2010). Validation of a German-language core self-evaluations scale. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 38, 209–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Higgins, E. T. (1997). Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52, 1280–1300.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holt, D. T., & Jung, H. H. (2008). Development of a Korean version of a core self-evaluations scale. Psychological Reports, 103, 415–425.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Judge, T. A., Erez, A., & Bono, J. E. (1998a). The power of being positive: the relation between positive self-concept and job performance. Human Performance, 11, 167–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Judge, T. A., Locke, E. A., Durham, C. C., & Kluger, A. N. (1998b). Dispositional effects on job and life satisfaction: the role of core evaluations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 17–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., & Locke, E. A. (2000). Personality and job satisfaction: the mediating role of job characteristics. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 237–249.

  • Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., & Thoresen, C. J. (2002). Are measures of self-esteem, neuroticism, locus of control, and generalized self-efficacy indicators of a common core construct? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 693–710.

  • Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., & Thoresen, C. J. (2003). The core self-evaluations scale: development of a measure. Personnel Psychology, 56, 303–331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Judge, T. A., Van Vianen, A. E. M., & De Pater, I. E. (2004). Emotional stability, core self-evaluations, and job outcomes: a review of the evidence and an agenda for future research. Human Performance, 17, 325–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Erez, A., & Locke, E. A. (2005). Core self-evaluations and job and life satisfaction: the role of self-concordance and goal attainment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 257–268.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kluemper, D. H. (2008). Trait emotional intelligence: the impact of core-self evaluations and social desirability. Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 1402–1412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, F., & You, X. (2013). Loneliness and self-esteem as mediators between social support and life satisfaction in late adolescence. Social Indicators Research, 110, 271–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, F., & Zhao, J. (2013). Affective mediators of the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and life satisfaction in young adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 197–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, F., Zhao, J., & You, X. (2012a). Social support mediates the impact of emotional intelligence on mental distress and life satisfaction in Chinese young adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 53, 513–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, F., Zhao, J., & You, X. (2012b). Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction in Chinese university students: the mediating role of self-esteem and social support. Personality and Individual Differences, 53, 1039–1043.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kong, F., Ding, K., & Zhao, J. (2014). The relationships among gratitude, self-esteem, social support and life satisfaction among undergraduate students. Journal of Happiness Studies, 16, 477–489.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levenson, H. (1981). Differentiating among internality, powerful others, and chance. In H. M. Lefcourt (Ed.), Research with the locus of control construct (pp. 15–63). New York: Academic.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Marcoulides, G. A., & Hershberger, S. L. (1997). Multivariate statistical methods: a first course. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muthén, B., & Kaplan, D. (1985). A comparison of some methodologies for the factor analysis of non-normal likert variables. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 38, 171–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Owens, T. J. (1994). Two dimensions of self-esteem: reciprocal effects of positive self-worth and self-deprecation on adolescent problems. American Sociological Review, 59, 391–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Tsaousis, I., Nikolau, I., Serdaris, N., & Judge, T. A. (2007). Do the core self-evaluations moderate the relationship between subjective well-being and physical and psychological health? Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 1441–1452.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M., & Denollet, J. (2011). Attachment style and self-esteem: the mediating role of type D personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 1099–1103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y., & Kong, F. (2014). The role of emotional intelligence in the impact of mindfulness on life satisfaction and mental distress. Social Indicators Research, 116, 843–852.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wong, C. S., & Law, K. S. (2002). The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: an exploratory study. The Leadership Quarterly, 13, 243–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zenger, M., Körner, A., Maier, G. W., Hinz, A., Stöbel-Richter, Y., Brähler, E., et al. (2015). The core self-evaluation scale: psychometric properties of the German version in a representative sample. Journal of Personality Assessment, 97(3), 310–318.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52, 30–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hongyan Jiang.

Ethics declarations

Funding

This study was funded by the National Social Science Foundation of China (15CSH052), Project of Teaching Reform Research on Higher Education of Jiangsu Province (2015JSJG159), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (71302141).

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the study.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sun, P., Jiang, H. Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of Core Self-Evaluations Scale. Curr Psychol 36, 297–303 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9418-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9418-2

Keywords

Navigation