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Effective and Low-Cost Saccharification of Pineapple Peel by Trichoderma viride Crude Extract with Enhanced β-Glucosidase Activity

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Abstract

Efficient, low-cost enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass is essential for cost-effective production of bioethanol. The aim of this study was to establish a fungal fermentation-based strategy for the economic enzymatic conversion of pineapple peel into fermentable sugars. Trichoderma viride was grown on passion fruit peel in order to improve its β-glucosidase production, and a crude extract was then used to hydrolyze pineapple peel. The effects of medium pH, cultivation time, and passion fruit peel concentration on β-glucosidase production were evaluated using a central composite rotational design (CCRD) combined with response surface methodology (RSM). Optimal β-glucosidase activity of 2.40 U mL−1 was found after 6.5 days of cultivation in medium at pH 6.0, containing 2.0 % passion fruit peel. Saccharification of pineapple peel was also optimized by RSM and CCRD with respect to pH, temperature, β-glucosidase concentration, and reaction time and proceeded optimally at pH 4.0, 55 °C, with a β-glucosidase loading of 31.25 U g−1 dry feedstock and 75 h of reaction. Under these conditions, T. viride crude extract hydrolyzed pineapple peel with a glucose yield of 65.3 %. This study therefore presents passion fruit peel as an attractive raw material for the production of β-glucosidases. In addition, it describes an improved, effective, and low-cost enzymatic method for the production of fermentable sugars from pineapple peel, an abundant and inexpensive agro-industrial waste.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the financial support and the scholarship awarded to the first author, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Midwest State University, Camargo Varela de Sá Street, 03, 85040-080, Guarapuava, Paraná State, Brazil

    Janaína Marques de Almeida, Patrícia Carla Giloni de Lima & Adriana Knob

  2. Department of Chemical, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Via do Conhecimento, km 1, 85503-390, Pato Branco, Paraná State, Brazil

    Vanderlei Aparecido de Lima

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  1. Janaína Marques de Almeida
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  2. Vanderlei Aparecido de Lima
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  3. Patrícia Carla Giloni de Lima
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Correspondence to Adriana Knob.

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de Almeida, J.M., de Lima, V.A., de Lima, P.C.G. et al. Effective and Low-Cost Saccharification of Pineapple Peel by Trichoderma viride Crude Extract with Enhanced β-Glucosidase Activity. Bioenerg. Res. 9, 701–710 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-016-9714-6

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