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Effects of Temperature in Juvenile Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) Biomarker Responses and Behaviour: Implications for Environmental Monitoring

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Abstract

The effects of temperature on European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) juveniles were investigated using a 30-day bioassay carried out at 18 and 25 °C in laboratory conditions. A multiparameter approach was applied including fish swimming velocity and several biochemical parameters involved in important physiological functions. Fish exposed for four weeks to 25 °C showed a decreased swimming capacity, concomitant with increased oxidative stress (increased catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities) and damage (increased lipid peroxidation levels), increased activity of an enzyme involved in energy production through the aerobic pathway (isocitrate dehydrogenase) and increased activities of brain and muscle cholinesterases (neurotransmission) compared to fish kept at 18 °C. Globally, these findings indicate that basic functions, essential for juvenile seabass surviving and well performing in the wild, such as predation, predator avoidance, neurofunction and ability to face chemical stress may be compromised with increasing water temperature. This may be of particular concern if D. labrax recruitment phase in northwest European estuaries and coastal areas happens gradually in more warm environments as a consequence of global warming. Considering that the selected endpoints are generally applied in monitoring studies with different species, these findings also highlight the need of more research, including interdisciplinary and multiparameter approaches, on the impacts of temperature on marine species, and stress the importance of considering scenarios of temperature increase in environmental monitoring and in marine ecological risk assessment.

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Acknowledgments

This study was done in the scope of the project ‘RAMOCS—Implementation of Risk Assessment Methodologies for Oil and Chemical Spills in the European Marine Environment’, funded by the Portuguese Foundation for the Science and Technology (FCT) and FEDER funds (ERA-AMPERA/0001/2007), in the framework of the EU ERA-NET AMPERA (ERAC-CT2005-016165, 6th EU Framework Program). This research was partially supported by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE—Operational Competitiveness Programme and national funds through FCT—Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project ‘PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2013’. Joana R. Almeida had a PhD grant from FCT (SFRH/BD/40843/2007) supported with European social funds and funds of Portuguese MCTES (POPH-QREN-Tipology 4.2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIIMAR/CIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal

    Joana R. Almeida & Lúcia Guilhermino

  2. ICBAS—Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal

    Joana R. Almeida & Lúcia Guilhermino

  3. CESAM—Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal

    Carlos Gravato

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  1. Joana R. Almeida
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Almeida, J.R., Gravato, C. & Guilhermino, L. Effects of Temperature in Juvenile Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) Biomarker Responses and Behaviour: Implications for Environmental Monitoring. Estuaries and Coasts 38, 45–55 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9792-7

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