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MEG3: an Oncogenic Long Non-coding RNA in Different Cancers

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  • Published:
Pathology & Oncology Research

Abstract

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently considered as central regulators in diverse biological processes and emerged as vital players controlling tumorigenesis. Several lncRNAs can be classified into oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes depending on their function in cancer. A maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) gene transcripts a 1.6 kb lncRNA whose act as an antitumor component in different cancer cells, such as breast, liver, glioma, colorectal, cervical, gastric, lung, ovarian and osteosarcoma cancer cells. The present review highlights biological function of MEG3 to repress tumor through regulating the major tumor suppressor genes p53 and Rb, inhibiting angiogenesis-related factor, or controlling miRNAs. On the other hand, previous studies have also suggested that MEG3 mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, deregulation of MEG3 is associated with the  development and progression of cancer, suggesting that MEG3 may function as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for human cancers.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) under the grant 1-17-01-001-0066.

Acronyms and Abbreviations

CRCColorectal cancer

cAMPCyclic AMP

DMRsDifferentially methylated regions.

DBDDNA binding domain

DNMTsDNA methyltransferases

URHF1E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase

GDF15Growth/differentiation factor-15

HCCHepatocellular carcinoma

HDACsHistone Deacetylases

HIF-1αHypoxia-Inducible Factor

IG-DMRIntergenic DMR

MEG3Maternally expressed gene 3

MDM2Murine/human double minute 2

NSCLCNon-small cell lung cancer

PCNAProliferating-cell nuclear antigen

CREResponse element

Rb`Retinoblastoma

TET2The ten–eleven translocation

TGF-βTransforming growth factor

TNMTumor node metastasis

TP53Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

VEGFVascular endothelial growth factor

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  1. Genome Research Chair, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Arwa Al-Rugeebah, Mohammed Alanazi & Narasimha Reddy Parine

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  1. Arwa Al-Rugeebah
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Correspondence to Narasimha Reddy Parine.

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Al-Rugeebah, A., Alanazi, M. & Parine, N.R. MEG3: an Oncogenic Long Non-coding RNA in Different Cancers. Pathol. Oncol. Res. 25, 859–874 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-019-00614-3

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