Abstract
Present study was aimed to assess the effect of foliar applications of nitrogen compounds (potassium nitrate, urea and calcium nitrate) on physio-biochemical attributes in sugarcane plants (Saccharum spp. hybrids, CoLk 94184) subjected to waterlogging. Single bud setts were planted in earthen pots filled with soil. The treatments included control (T1), waterlogged (WL) (T2), WL + potassium nitrate (0.5 %) (T3), WL + urea (0.3 %) (T4) and WL + calcium nitrate (0.4 %) (T5). Waterlogging was imposed by placing planted pot into a larger plastic bucket and filling it with water up to 2 cm above the soil surface. After 2, 6 and 10 weeks of waterlogging, plants were sampled for growth, biochemical and molecular studies. Results obtained indicated decrease in shoot weight, leaf area and activity of nitrate reductase (NR) and increase in root weight, plant height, MDA, proline contents and peroxidase activity due to waterlogging compared to control plants. As compared to waterlogged treatment (T2), application of nitrogen compounds increased leaf area, shoot weight and NR activity and decreased MDA content. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) gene expression was up-regulated due to waterlogging (T2) and WL + nitrogen compounds in both leaf and root tissues; increase was highest in leaves of WL + urea (T4) and roots of WL + calcium nitrate treatment. Findings suggested beneficial effect of all tested nitrogen compounds on growth and biochemical attributes under waterlogged condition.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ashraf, M.A., M.S.A. Ahmad, M. Ashraf, F. Al-Qurainy, and M.Y. Ashraf. 2011. Alleviation of waterlogging stress in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by exogenous application of potassium in soil and as a foliar spray. Crop & Pasture Science 62: 25–38.
Braam, J., M.L. Sistrunk, D.H. Polisensky, W. Xu, M.M. Purugganan, D.M. Antosiewicz, P. Campbell, and K.A. Johnson. 1996. Life in a changing world; TCH gene regulation of expression and responses to environmental signals. Physiologia Plantarum 98: 909–916.
Carter, J.L., T.D. Colmer, and E.J. Veneklaas. 2006. Variable tolerance of wetland tree species to combined salinity and waterlogging is related to regulation of ion uptake and production of organic solutes. New Phytologist 169: 123–134.
Casano, L.M., M. Martin, and B. Sabater. 1994. Sensitivity of superoxide dismutase transcript levels and activities of oxidative stress is lower in mature-senescent than in young barley leaves. Plant Physiology 106: 1033–1039.
Cong, Y., Y.J. Li, C.J. Zhou, C.S. Zou, X.K. Zhang, X. Liao, and C.L. Zhang. 2009. Effect of application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on yield in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under the waterlogging stress. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science 15: 1122–1129.
Drew, M.C. 1992. Soil aeration and plant root metabolism. Soil Science 154: 259–268.
Gomathi, R., and K. Chandran. 2012. Physiological markers for screening waterlogging resistance in sugarcane. Proceedings of International Symposium on New paradigms. In Sugarcane Research ISNPSR 2012 organised by SSRD & SBI at Coimbatore abstract no 129.
Grichko, V.P., and B.R. Glick. 2001. Ethylene and flooding stress in plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 39: 1–9.
Gutierrez Boem, F.H., R.S. Lavado, and C.A. Porcelli. 1996. Note on the effects of winter and spring waterlogging on growth, chemical composition and yield of rapeseed. Field Crops Research 47: 175-179. ICAR, New Delhi.
Hageman, R.H., and D. Fisher. 1960. Effect of anaerobic environment on the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and other anaerobic RNAs in maize. Journal of Biological Chemistry 260: 5050–5054.
Hoff, T., B.M. Stumann, and A.D. Henningsen. 1992. Structure, function and regulation of nitrate reductase in higher plants. Physiologia Plantarum 84: 616–624.
Islam, M.S., M.A.S. Miah, M.K. Begum, M.R. Alam, and M.S. Arefin. 2011. Growth, yield and juice quality of some selected sugarcane clones under waterlogging condition. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 7: 504–509.
Jain, R., A. Chandra, Visha K. Venugopalan, and S. Solomon. 2015. Physiological changes and expression of SOD and PCS genes in response to water deficit in sugarcane. Sugar Tech 17(3): 276–282.
Olgun, M., A.M. Kumlay, M. Adiguzel, and A. Caglar. 2008. Effects of waterlogging in wheat (T. aestivum L.). Acta Agric. Scandinavica, (Section B). Plant Soil Science 58: 193–198.
Parvin, D., and J.L. Karmoker. 2013. Effects of waterlogging on ion accumulation and sugar, protein and proline contents in Corchorus capsularis L. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 42(1): 55–63.
Radin, J.W. 1973. In vivo assay of nitrate reductase in cotton leaf discs. Plant Physiology 51: 332–336.
Saleem, M., M. Arshad, S. Hussain, and A.S. Bhatti. 2007. Perspective of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) containing ACC deaminase in stress agriculture. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 34: 635–648.
Scandalios, J.G. 1993. Oxygen stress and superoxide dismutases. Plant Physiology 101: 7–12.
Steffens, D., B.W. Hütsch, T. Eschholz, T. Lošák, and S. Schubert. 2005. Waterlogging may inhibit plant growth primarily by nutrient deficiency rather than nutrient toxicity. Plant Soil and Environment 51: 545–552.
Sung, F.M.J., and Y.W. Sun. 1990. Seasonal patterns of nitrate reductase and nitrogenase in Arachis hypogaea. Field Crops Research 25: 215–222.
Tang, B., S.Z. Xu, X.L. Zou, Y.L. Zheng, and F.Z. Qiu. 2010. Changes of antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots of waterlogging-tolerant and waterlogging-sensitive maize genotypes at seedling stage. Agricultural Sciences in China 9: 651–661.
Voesenek, L.A.C.J., J.J. Benschop, J. Bou, M.C.H. Cox, R.A.M. Vreeburg, and A.J.M. Peeters. 2003. Interactions between plant hormones regulate submergence-induced shoot elongation in the flooding-tolerant dicot Rumex palustris. Annals of Botany, London 91: 205–211.
Wingnarajah, K., H. Greenway, and C.D. John. 1976. Effect of waterlogging on growth and activity of alcohol dehydrogenase in barley and rice. New Phytologist 77: 585–592.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jain, R., Singh, S.P., Singh, A. et al. Response of Foliar Application of Nitrogen Compounds on Sugarcane Grown Under Waterlogging Stress. Sugar Tech 18, 433–436 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-015-0406-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-015-0406-x