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Triassic and Jurassic palaeoclimate development in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China—a review and additional lithological data

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Abstract

The Junggar Basin in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (NW China) comprises an almost continuous sequence of continental Mesozoic sediments. The basin was positioned at a latitude of about 45°N from the Permian onwards and existed almost during the entire Mesozoic. As such, it is well suited for studies on palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental changes during this period as tectonic movements of the basin between different climate zones can largely be excluded. Current knowledge about Triassic and Jurassic palaeoclimate development is complemented by new lithological data from the southern part of the basin, ranging from the Late Triassic (Norian) up to the latest Jurassic (Tithonan). Preliminary palynostratigraphical data demonstrate that the base of the Middle Jurassic probably does not coincide with lithostratigraphical formation boundaries (i.e., boundary between Sangonghe and Xishanyiao Formation), but lies within the lower part of the Sangonghe Formation. Humid climates dominated during the Triassic and the Early Jurassic, with only a few drier excursions, especially in upland regions. In the northeastern part of the Junggar Basin, the oldest evidence of seasonally dry climatic conditions is recognized during the latest Early Jurassic, and the first basin-wide evidence of seasonally dry conditions is recognized in the middle Middle Jurassic. A seasonally dry climate was permanently established in the basin from the beginning of the Late Jurassic onwards.

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Acknowledgments

This work is dedicated to Father Dr. Otto Appert, Werthenstein/Switzerland, honouring his outstanding contributions to Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic palaeobotany, on the occasion of his 80th birthday.

We thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Xinjiang Geological Survey No. 1, and the Max Planck Society who have supported our work in the Junggar Basin since 1997. We also thank M. Maisch, Stuttgart, H.-U. Pfretzschner, Tübingen, J. Hornung, Darmstadt, as well as numerous colleagues from Urumqi and Changchung for their support during our fieldwork in the Junggar Basin. Furthermore, we thank T. Martin, Bonn, for his constructive comments on the manuscript. Last but not least, we thank A. Götz, Darmstadt and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive reviews of our manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Tübingen, Sigwartstraße 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    A. Rahman Ashraf

  2. Research Center of Paleontology, Jilin University, Xi-Minzhu Street 6, 130026, Changchun, China

    Yuewu Sun

  3. Paleontological Institute of Shenyang Normal University, North Huanghe Street 253, Shenyang, 110034, China

    Ge Sun

  4. Key-Lab for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in NE Asia, Ministry of Education, China (Jilin University), Changchun, 130026, China

    Ge Sun

  5. Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Dieter Uhl, Volker Mosbrugger & Mark Herrmann

  6. Tübingen-Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Palaeoecology, Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Tübingen, Sigwartstraße 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Dieter Uhl

  7. Regional Geological Survey No.1 of Xinjiang, North Tianjin Street 8, Urumqi, 830011, China

    Jie Li

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  1. A. Rahman Ashraf
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Correspondence to Dieter Uhl.

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This article is a contribution to the special issue “Triassic-Jurassic biodiversity, ecosystems, and climate in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China”

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Ashraf, A.R., Sun, Y., Sun, G. et al. Triassic and Jurassic palaeoclimate development in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China—a review and additional lithological data. Palaeobio Palaeoenv 90, 187–201 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-010-0034-0

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