Résumé
L’apport du diagnostic prénatal échographique au suivi de grossesses exposées à des médicaments est capital. Il contribue aux choix thérapeutiques par la mise en adéquation des possibilités techniques, face aux atteintes foetales potentielles provoquées par chaque option thérapeutique envisagée. Il permet également un suivi foetal ciblé lors d’une exposition maternelle potentiellement dangereuse. Et enfin, il contribue à l’enquête étiologique lors de la découverte pré-natale d’atteintes foetales concomitante à une exposition médicamenteuse maternelle.
Abstract
Ultrasound diagnosis is of paramount importance for the management of drug exposures during pregnancy. It participates to therapeutic strategies by determining technical strengths and limitations facing different potential teratogenic consequences of drug treatments. It allows adapted prenatal surveys of exposed mothers, focused on the specific drug induced fetal effects. And it contributes to etiological inquiries facing prenatal diagnosis of birth defects, detecting relationships between fetal adverse effects and maternal drugs exposures.
Références
Elefant E, Beghin D (2009) Le passage transplacentaire des médicaments. Bull Acad Natle Méd 193:1043–1057
Dolk H, Loane M, Garne E (2010) The prevalence of congenital anomalies in Europe. Adv Exp Med Biol 686:349–364
Mitchell AA (2003) Systematic identification of drugs that cause birth defects-a new opportunity. N Engl J Med 349:2556–2559
Elefant E, Boyer P, Roux C (1986) Tératologie. Encyclopédie Médico-Chirurgicale-Obstétrique 5116,1,A-10,3,16 p
Tomson T, Battino D, Bonizzoni E, et al (2011) Dose-dependent risk of malformations with antiepileptic drugs: an analysis of data from the EURAP epilepsy and pregnancy registry. EURAP study group. Lancet Neurol 10:609–617
Hernández-Díaz S, Smith CR, Shen A, et al (2012) Comparative safety of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. North American AED Pregnancy Registry. Neurology 78:1692–1699
Campbell E, Kennedy F, Russell A, et al (2014) Malformation risks of antiepileptic drug monotherapies in pregnancy: updated results from the UK and Ireland Epilepsy and Pregnancy Registers. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry [Epub ahead of print]
DiLiberti JH, Farndon PA, Dennis NR, Curry CJ (1984) The fetal valproate syndrome. Am J Med Genet 19:473–481
Christensen J, Grønborg TK, Sørensen MJ, et al (2013) Prenatal valproate exposure and risk of autism spectrum disorders and childhood autism. JAMA 309:1696–1703
Bromley RL, Mawer GE, Briggs M, et al (2013) The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders in children prenatally exposed to antiepileptic drugs. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84:637–643
Meador KJ, Baker GA, Browning N, et al (2013) Fetal antiepileptic drug exposure and cognitive outcomes at age 6 years (NEAD study): a prospective observational study. Lancet Neurol 12:244–252
Tomson T, Battino D, Perucca E (2011) Major birth defects after exposure to newer-generation antiepileptic drugs. JAMA 306:826–827
de Die-Smulders CE, Sturkenboom MC, Veraart J, et al (1995) Severe limb defects and craniofacial anomalies in a fetus conceived during acitretin therapy. Teratology 52:215–219
Grønhøj Larsen F, Steinkjer B, Jakobsen P, et al (2000) Acitretin is converted to etretinate only during concomitant alcohol intake. Br J Dermatol 143:1164–1169
Schaefer C, Hannemann D, Meister R, Eléfant E, et al (2006) Vitamin K antagonists and pregnancy outcome. A multi-centre prospective study. Thromb Haemost 95:949–957
Levaillant JM, Moeglin D, Zouiten K, et al (2009) Binder phenotype: clinical and etiological heterogeneity of the so-called Binder maxillonasal dysplasia in prenatally diagnosed cases, and review of the literature. Prenat Diagn 29:140–150
Nezvalová-Henriksen K, Spigset O, Nordeng H (2013) Effects of ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, and piroxicam on the course of pregnancy and pregnancy outcome: a prospective cohort study. BJOG 120:948–959
Daniel S, Matok I, Gorodischer R, et al (2012) Major malformations following exposure to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs during the first trimester of pregnancy. J Rheumatol 39:2163–2169
Koren G, Florescu A, Costei AM, et al (2006) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs during third trimester and the risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus: a meta-analysis. Ann Pharmacother 40:824–829
Van Marter LJ, Hernandez-Diaz S, Werler MM, et al (2013) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in late pregnancy and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Pediatrics 131:79–87
Paladini D, Marasini M, Volpe P (2005) Severe ductal constriction in the third-trimester fetus following maternal self-medication with nimesulide. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 25:357–361
Sawdy RJ, Lye S, Fisk NM, Bennett PR (2003) A double-blind randomized study of fetal side effects during and after the shortterm maternal administration of indomethacin, sulindac, and nimesulide for the treatment of preterm labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 188:1046–1051
Jentink J, Dolk H, Loane MA, et al (2010) Intrauterine exposure to carbamazepine and specific congenital malformations: systematic review and case-control study. BMJ 341:c6581
Yoshihara A, Noh J, Yamaguchi T, et al (2012) Treatment of graves’ disease with antithyroid drugs in the first trimester of pregnancy and the prevalence of congenital malformation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97:2396–2403
Abe M, Syuto T, Yokoyama Y, Ishikawa O (2010) Aplasia cutis congenita after methimazole exposure in utero successfully treated with basic fibroblast growth factor. Int J Dermatol 49:334–335
Barbero P, Valdez R, Rodríguez H, et al (2008) Choanal atresia associated with maternal hyperthyroidism treated with methimazole: a case-control study. Am J Med Genet A 146A:2390–2395
Andersen SL, Olsen J, Wu CS, Laurberg P (1998) Birth defects after early pregnancy use of antithyroid drugs: a Danish nationwide study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98:4373–4381
Di Gianantonio E, Schaefer C, Mastroiacovo PP, et al (2001) Adverse effects of prenatal methimazole exposure. Teratology 64:262–266
Lassen PD, Sundberg K, Juul A, Skibsted L (2008) Fetal goiter and bilateral ovarian cysts. Fetal Diagn Ther 23:132–135
Aleck KA, Bartley DL (1997) Multiple malformation syndrome following fluconazole use in pregnancy: report of an additional patient. Am J Med Genet 72:253–256
Mølgaard-Nielsen D, Pasternak B, Hviid A (2013) Use of oral fluconazole during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. N Engl J Med 369:830–839
Quan A (2006) Fetopathy associated with exposure to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists. Early Hum Dev 82:23–28
Polifka JE (2012) Is there an embryopathy associated with first-trimester exposure to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists? A critical review of the evidence. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 94:576–598
Spaggiari E, Heidet L, Grange G, et al (2012) Prognosis and outcome of pregnancies exposed to renin-angiotensin system blockers. Prenat Diagn 32:1071–1076
Lammer EJ, Chen DT, Hoar RM, et al (1985) Retinoic acid embryopathy. N Engl J Med 313:837–841
Lee SM, Kim HM, Lee JS, et al (2009) A case of suspected isotretinoin-induced malformation in a baby of a mother who became pregnant one month after discontinuation of the drug. Yonsei Med J 50:445–447
Källén B, Tandberg A (1983) Lithium and pregnancy. A cohort study on manic-depressive women. Acta Psychiatr Scand 68:134–139
Jacobson SJ, Jones K, Johnson K, et al (1992) Prospective multicentre study of pregnancy outcome after lithium exposure during first trimester. Lancet 339:530–533
Pinelli JM, Symington AJ, Cunningham KA, Paes BA (2002) Case report and review of the perinatal implications of maternal lithium use. Am J Obstet Gynecol 187:245–249
Aftimos S (2009) Fetal methotrexate/aminopterin syndrome in an adult: a likely case with ectodermal abnormalities. Clin Dysmorphol 18:53–55
Hyoun SC, Običan SG, Scialli AR (2012) Teratogen update: methotrexate. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 94:187–207
Vauzelle C, Beghin D, Cournot MP, Elefant E (2013) Birth defects after exposure to misoprostol in the first trimester of pregnancy: prospective follow-up study. Reprod Toxicol 36:98–103
Pastuszak AL, Schüler L, Speck-Martins CE, et al (1998) Use of misoprostol during pregnancy and Möbius’ syndrome in infants. N Engl J Med 338:1881–1885
Hoeltzenbein M, Elefant E, Vial T, et al (2012) Teratogenicity of mycophenolate confirmed in a prospective study of the European Network of Teratology Information Services. Am J Med Genet A158A:588–596
Le Ray C, Coulomb A, Elefant E, et al (2004) Mycophenolate mofetil in pregnancy after renal transplantation: a case of major fetal malformations. Obstet Gynecol 103:1091–1094
Tomson T, Battino D (2012) Teratogenic effects of antiepileptic drugs. Lancet Neurol 11:803–813
Hunt S, Russell A, Smithson WH, et al (2008) Topiramate in pregnancy: preliminary experience from the UK Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register. Neurology 71:272–276
Margulis AV, Mitchell AA, Gilboa SM, et al (2012) Use of topiramate in pregnancy and risk of oral clefts. Am J Obstet Gynecol 207:405
Ornoy A, Zvi N, Arnon J, et al (2008) The outcome of pregnancy following topiramate treatment: a study on 52 pregnancies. Reprod Toxicol 25:388–389
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Elefant, E. Médicaments et grossesse : aide pour l’échographiste. Rev. med. perinat. 6, 39–48 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12611-014-0270-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12611-014-0270-z