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A mathematical formalism of self assembly for design and fabrication of nanostructured materials: a new paradigm for nanotechnology

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Abstract

The molecular nanotechnology is the concept of functional mechanical system at the molecular scale, i.e., machines at the molecular scale, designed and built atom by atom. This idea along with self recognition (self assembly) can be used in the development of intelligent nanoparticles (NPs). In this paper we present a mathematical formalism of force balance and self assembly along with a quantum mechanical algorithmic approach for avoiding uncertainty relations in a limited range, where tiny nano particle (1–100 nm), constitute an elementary unit. We explain the natural self organization, where, the system organizes itself, but there is no known agent inside the system doing the organizing. Thiol, aspartic acid, citrate and bovine serum albumin capped gold NPs were synthesised in the laboratory with potentially useful size and shape dependent properties. We used colloidal method for synthesis of NPs confinement at 2, 5, 10 and 20 nm. The particle shape contours were measured by transmission electron microscope with high resolution field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, FEI Quanta 200F). AFM (AFM-STM, Ntegra Ts-150) study was performed to see the surface topology and confinement. SPR spectra study including pH stability analysis is used to study the properties of quantum confinement.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge with thanks to all engineers and staff of Institute of Cybernetics Systems and Information Technology (ICSIT), all our colleagues at the Biological Science Division, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, ECSU, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata and Department of Radio physics and Electronics, Calcutta University, Kolkata.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics, Calcutta University, 92, APC Road, Kolkata, 700 009, India

    Sankar Karan

  2. Institute of Cybernetics Systems and Information Technology, 155, Ashoke Garh, Kolkata, 700 108, India

    Sankar Karan & D. Dutta Majumder

  3. Electronics and Communication Science Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, B T Road, Kolkata, 700 108, India

    D. Dutta Majumder

  4. Biological Science Division, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, B T Road, Kolkata, 700 108, India

    A. Goswami

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  1. Sankar Karan
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  2. D. Dutta Majumder
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  3. A. Goswami
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Correspondence to D. Dutta Majumder.

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Karan, S., Dutta Majumder, D. & Goswami, A. A mathematical formalism of self assembly for design and fabrication of nanostructured materials: a new paradigm for nanotechnology. Indian J Phys 86, 667–676 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-012-0125-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-012-0125-z

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