Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Distribution, correlation, ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface soils around an industrial area, Hyderabad, India

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Environmental Earth Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In recent years, much concern has been addressed over the soil contamination with heavy metals due to rapid industrialization and urbanization. The present study was conducted to investigate distribution of potentially hazardous elements (PHEs) (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) concentration in soils of Kazipalli, Hyderabad, India. Soil samples from fifty-seven (57) sampling sites were collected from in and around industrial zone and were analysed for their heavy metal contents. Concentrations ranged from 4.4 to 796.3 mg/kg for As, 9.7 to 598.6 mg/kg for Cr, 7.9 to 183.5 mg/kg for Cu, 10.2 to 129.6 mg/kg for Ni, 25.3 to 1830 mg/kg for Pb and 23.8 to 879 mg/kg for Zn. Application of Pearson’s correlation, factor and cluster analysis indicates that heavy metal contamination in soils originates from industrial activities which are of anthropogenic origin. Contamination of soils in the study area was further classified for geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, contamination factor and contamination degree. The values of pollution index and integrated pollution index indicated that metal pollution levels were in order of As > Pb > Cu > Cr > Zn > Ni. Potential ecological risk indices (PERI, RI) and health risk assessment based on Hazard Quotient, Hazard index and on Average daily doses of individual elements were calculated using exposure parameters for resident population and references from integrated database of USEPA. These results are important for the development of proper management strategies to decrease point and non-point source of pollution by studying different remediation methods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Acosta JA, Faz A, Martinez SM (2010) Identification of heavy metal sources by multivariable analysis in a typical Mediterranean city (SE Spain). Environ Monit Assess 169:519–530

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ansari AA, Singh IB, Tobschall HJ (1999) Status of anthropogenically induced metal pollution in the Kanpur-Unnao industrial region of the Ganga plain, India. Environ Geol 38:25–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buat-Menard P, Chesselet R (1979) Variable influence of the atmospheric flux on the trace metal chemistry of oceanic suspended matter. Earth Planet Sci Lett. 42:398–411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen TB, Zhang YM, Lei M, Huang ZC, Wu HT, Chen H, Fan KK, Yu K, Wu X, Tian QZ (2005) Assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface soils of urban parks in Beijing. China Chemosphere 60:542–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coskun M, Steinnes E, Frontasyeva VF, Sjobakk TE, Demmika S (2006) Heavy metal pollution of surface soils in the Thrace region, Turkey. Environ Monit Assess 119:545–556

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gasparatos D (2013) Sequestration of heavy metals from soil with Fe-Mn concretions and nodules. Environ Chem Lett 11(1):1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hakanson K (1980) An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control, a sedimentological approach. Water Res 14:975–1001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kebata-Pendias A (2000) Trace elements in soils and plants, 3rd edn. CRC Press, p 413

  • Krzysztof L, Wiechula D, Korns I (2004) Metal contamination of farming soils affected by industry. Environ Int 30:159–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loska K, Wiechula D, Korns I (2004) Metal contamination of farming soils affected by industry. Environ Int 30:159–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ljung K, Otabbong E, Selinus O (2006) Natural and anthropogenic metal inputs to soils in Urban Uppsala, Sweden. Environ Geochem Health 28:353–364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Massas I, Kalivas D, Ehaliotis C, Gasparatos D (2013) Total and available heavy metal concentrations in soils of the Thriassio plain (Greece) and assessment of soil pollution indexes. Environ Monit Assess 185(8):6751–6766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muller G (1969) Index of geo-accumulation in sediments of the Raine River. GeoJournal 2:108–118

    Google Scholar 

  • Nriagu JO (1979) Global inventory of natural and anthropogenic emission of trace metals to the atmosphere. Nature 279:409–411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ouyang Y, Higman J, Thompson J, Toole OT, Campbell D (2002) Characterization and spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediment from Cedar and Ortega Rivers sub-basin. J Contam Hydrol 54:19–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quevanviller P, Lavigne R, Cortez L (1989) Impact of industrial and mining drainage wastes on the heavy metal distribution in the drainage basin and estuary of the Sado River, Portugal. Environ Pollut 59:267–286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rapant S, Fajcikova K, Khun M, Cveckova V (2011) Application of health risk assessment method for geological environment at national and regional scales. Environ Earth Sci 64:513–521

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reimann C, de Caritat P (2000) Intrinsic flaws of element enrichment factors in environmental geochemistry. Environ Sci Technol 34:5084–5091

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schiff KC, Weisberg SB (1997) Iron as a reference element for determining trace metal enrichment in southern California coastal shelf sediments. Mar Environ Res 48:76–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland RA (2000) Bed sediment associated trace elements in an urban stream, Oahu Hawaii. Environ Geol 39:611–627

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tariq SR, Shah MH, Shaheen N, Jaffar M, Khalique A (2008) Statistical source identification of metals in groundwater exposed to industrial contamination. Environ Monit Assess 138:159–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor SR, McLennan SM (1995) The geochemical evolution of the continental crust. Rev Geophys 33:165–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • USEPA (1989) Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (RAGS), Volume I: Human Health Evaluation Manual (HHEM). Part A. Baseline risk assessment. Interim Final. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, DC, (EPA/540/1-89/002)

  • USEPA (1991) Risk assessment guidance for superfund (RAGS), Volume I: Human health evaluation manual (HHEM)—Supplemental guidance, interim final. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, DC (OSWER 9285.6-03)

  • USEPA (1999) A risk assessment–multiway exposure spreadsheet calculation tool. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • USEPA (2004) Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume I: Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Risk Assessment) Final EPA/540/R/99/005 OSWER 9285.7-02EP PB99-96 3312, July 2004. USEPA Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC

  • USEPA (2005) Guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, DC (EPA/630/P-03/001F)

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Straalen NM (2002) Assessment of soil contamination—a functional perspective. Biodegradation 13:41–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wei B, Yang L (2010) A review of heavy metal contamination in urban soils, Urban road dusts and agricultural soils from China. Microchem J 94:99–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yaylahi G, Abanuz (2011) Heavy metal contamination of surface soils around Gebze industrial area, Turkey. Microchem J 99:82–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The present work was carried out as part of the Network Project NWP-0046. The authors are thankful to Prof. Mrinal K Sen, Director, CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute for his continuous support, encouragement and his permission to publish this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research), Habsiguda, Hyderabad, 500 007, India

    A. Keshav Krishna & K. Rama Mohan

Authors
  1. A. Keshav Krishna
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. K. Rama Mohan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Keshav Krishna.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Keshav Krishna, A., Rama Mohan, K. Distribution, correlation, ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface soils around an industrial area, Hyderabad, India. Environ Earth Sci 75, 411 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-5151-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-5151-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation