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A combined pathway of organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis for an efficient large-scale propagation in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Mejhoul

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Abstract

An efficient regeneration system via a combined pathway of organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis was developed for date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Mejhoul. Adventitious buds were obtained from shoot-tip explants with a frequency of 53.3% after 9 months of culture: 6 months on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS/2) medium containing 14.2 µM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 13.4 µM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.5 µM 6-(dimethylallylamino) purine (2iP), and 3 months on MS/2 medium supplemented with 1.1 µM IAA, 1.1 µM NAA, 0.5 µM 2iP, 2.2 µM 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.4 µM kinetin. Adventitious bud segments were used as explants to induce somatic embryogenesis, and the effects of different concentrations (22.5, 45, 90, 225 or 450 µM) of 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) and 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) were evaluated. The optimal medium for somatic embryogenesis induction was MS medium supplemented with 45 µM picloram and 5 µM 2iP, in which the somatic embryogenesis rate was 70%. For somatic embryo maturation, the effects of sorbitol, mannitol, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and abscisic acid (ABA) were tested. The highest maturation rate (88.6 mature somatic embryos per 100 mg fresh weight callus) was observed on liquid MS medium supplemented with 20 g L−1 PEG. Subsequent somatic embryo germination was achieved with up to 52.0% in MS medium containing 2.5 µM NAA and 2.5 µM BA. The regenerated plantlets were transferred to the glasshouse where 76.0% of them survived.

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Abbreviations

2iP:

6-(Dimethylallylamino) purine

ABA:

Abscisic acid

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

FW:

Fresh weight

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

NAA:

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid

NOA:

2-Naphthoxyacetic acid

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PGR:

Plant growth regulator

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Acknowledgements

Part of this work was financed by the Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CNRST, Morocco) through the PPR2 program (Research Project Ref.: PPR2/2016/36).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, CRRA-Marrakech, UR Agro-Biotechnologie, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 533, Marrakech, Morocco

    Mouaad Amine Mazri

  2. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, CRRA-Errachidia, UR Systèmes Oasiens, Laboratoire National de Culture des Tissus du Palmier Dattier, BP 2, Errachidia, Morocco

    Reda Meziani

  3. Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture, Département des Sciences de Base, Laboratoire de Culture In Vitro, BP S/40, Meknes, Morocco

    Ilham Belkoura & Boutaïna Mokhless

  4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, CRRA-Marrakech, UR Protection des Plantes, BP 533, Marrakech, Morocco

    Souad Nour

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  1. Mouaad Amine Mazri
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  2. Reda Meziani
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  3. Ilham Belkoura
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  4. Boutaïna Mokhless
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  5. Souad Nour
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Correspondence to Mouaad Amine Mazri.

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Mazri, M.A., Meziani, R., Belkoura, I. et al. A combined pathway of organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis for an efficient large-scale propagation in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Mejhoul. 3 Biotech 8, 215 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-018-1235-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-018-1235-x

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