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Microfungi on Tectona grandis (teak) in Northern Thailand

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Abstract

To date there is virtually no information available concerning the fungi associated with Tectona grandis (teak) (Lamiaceae) in Thailand. In this study, samples of microfungi were collected from both asymptomatic stems and dead wood, and symptomatic branches, stem and leaves of T. grandis from 27 sites in six provinces (Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Phayao, Phitsanulok, Phrae and Uttaradit Provinces). Morphology and combined multi-gene phylogeny (CAL, GAPDH, ITS, LSU, RPB2, SSU, TEF1 and TUB) were used to identify taxa. A total of 270 collections, representing 28 fungal species residing in 12 families, 7 orders and 21 genera, with three species of uncertain taxonomic placement were identified. Of these, one family, three genera and 14 species are new to science. The new family, Pseudocoleodictyosporaceae is introduced based on its distinct lineage in the Dothideomycetes and its unique morphology as compared to Roussoellaceae and Torulaceae. The new genera are Neooccultibambusa, Pseudocoleodictyospora and Subglobosporium. The newly described species are Diaporthe neoraonikayaporum, D. tectonendophytica, D. tectonae, D. tectonigena, Hermatomyces tectonae, H. thailandica, Manoharachariella tectonae, Neooccultibambusa chiangraiensis, Pseudocoleodictyospora sukhothaiensis, Ps. tectonae, Ps. thailandica, Rhytidhysteron tectonae, Subglobosporium tectonae and Tubeufia tectonae. Fourteen species are known published taxa including Alternaria tillandsiae, Berkleasmium talaumae, Boerlagiomyces macrospora, Ceratocladium purpureogriseum, Fusarium solani, Helicoma siamense, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Macrovalsaria megalospora, Paradictyoarthrinium diffractum, Phaeoacremonium italicum, Sphaeropsis eucalypticola, Stachybotrys levispora, St. renispora and Thaxteriellopsis lignicola. Epitypifications or reference specimens are designated for Boerlagiomyces macrospora and Macrovalsaria megalospora. Macrovalsaria megalospora is transferred from Botryosphaeriaceae to Dothideomycetes genus, incertae sedis based on taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis, which indicate it is distinct from Botryosphaeriaceae. All fungal species represent first reports on T. grandis in Thailand. New taxa and taxa incertae sedis, as well as known taxa which are established as reference specimens or epitypes, are presented with phylogenetic tree analyses, habitat, known distribution, material examined, full descriptions, notes and figures. Information is also provided for known taxa to add to the body of knowledge and to assist those wishing to study fungi occurring on T. grandis in future.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the Thailand Research Fund through the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program grant (No. Ph.D./0072/2553 in 4.S.M.F./53/A.2). Mae Fah Luang University (grant for study Dothideomycetes No. 56101020032) is also thanked for funding laboratory work. We gratefully thank the Molecular Biology Center in Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, China and the Tree Pathology Co–operative Programme (TPCP), Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, and the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa for funding to undertake the molecular work. Mingkwan Doilom is grateful to Miss Haswipa Maimon who is a technician of Scientific & Technological Instruments Center at Mae Fah Luang University for helping to carry out the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Kasun Thambugala (Mae Fah Luang University, Thailand) is acknowledged for providing sequence dataset of Rhytidhysteron species, Dr. Shaun Pennycook (Landcare Research, New Zealand) for assistance in new species epithets and Professor Alan J.L. Phillips (Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal) for kind suggestions on the research. K.D. Hyde acknowledges The Chinese Academy of Sciences, project number 2013T2S0030, for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany (KIB).

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  1. Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China

    Mingkwan Doilom, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe & Kevin D. Hyde

  2. Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Mingkwan Doilom, Asha J. Dissanayake, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Saranyaphat Boonmee, Jian-Kui Liu & Kevin D. Hyde

  3. School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Mingkwan Doilom, Asha J. Dissanayake, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Jian-Kui Liu & Kevin D. Hyde

  4. Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, No. 9 of Shu Guang Hua Yuan Zhong Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 10097, China

    Asha J. Dissanayake

  5. Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, Guizhou, China

    Jian-Kui Liu & Kevin D. Hyde

  6. Formerly Department of Botany, Goa University, Taleigão, Goa, India

    D. Jayarama Bhat

  7. No. 128/1-J, Azad Housing Society, Curca, Goa Velha, India

    D. Jayarama Bhat

  8. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK

    Joanne E. Taylor

  9. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 1145, Saudi Arabia

    Ali. H. Bahkali & Kevin D. Hyde

  10. Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand

    Eric H. C. McKenzie

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Doilom, M., Dissanayake, A.J., Wanasinghe, D.N. et al. Microfungi on Tectona grandis (teak) in Northern Thailand. Fungal Diversity 82, 107–182 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0368-7

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