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Black, White, and Gray: Macrophages in Skin Repair and Disease

  • Wound Healing and Tissue Repair (CC Yates, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Pathobiology Reports

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Macrophages alter their responses during the temporal stages of wound healing. During the inflammatory phase, they perform phagocytosis. During neovascularization, they fuse sprouting endothelial cells. In the proliferation phase, they deposit extracellular matrix, and during wound resolution, macrophages phagocytize excessive cellular components. This review addresses how changing macrophage phenotypes affects skin repair and disease.

Recent Findings

Macrophages can determine the outcome of repair and can shift the normal wound healing response into fibrosis or chronic wounds. Emerging single-cell technologies for the first time provide us with tools to uncover macrophage origin, heterogeneity, and function.

Summary

Macrophages may exist as one population where all cells alter their phenotype in response to signals from the microenvironment. Alternatively, macrophages may exist as distinct subsets that can control wound outcomes. A clarified understanding will strengthen our knowledge of skin biology and aid in the development of wound healing therapies.

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  1. Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, 257 Campus Drive West, GK-210, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA

    Melanie Rodrigues & Geoffrey C. Gurtner

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  1. Melanie Rodrigues
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  2. Geoffrey C. Gurtner
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Correspondence to Melanie Rodrigues.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Wound Healing and Tissue Repair

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Rodrigues, M., Gurtner, G.C. Black, White, and Gray: Macrophages in Skin Repair and Disease. Curr Pathobiol Rep 5, 333–342 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40139-017-0152-8

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