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Adipokine levels in overweight women with early-onset gestational diabetes mellitus

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Abstract

Purpose

The study of adipokines in overweight women with early-onset (diagnosed before 20 weeks) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) could help to understand the ethiopathological mechanisms of this disorder. Our aim was to assess adipokine levels in overweight pregnant women with early-onset GDM compared to patients with standard-onset (diagnosed at 24–28 weeks) GDM and to glucose-tolerant women at the same gestational ages.

Methods

This nested case–control study included 133 overweight pregnant women: 33 with early-onset (diagnosed < 20 weeks) GDM; 40 with standard-onset (diagnosed ≥ 24 weeks) GDM and 60 glucose-tolerant (normal oral glucose tolerance tests < 20 and ≥ 24 weeks). Adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and ghrelin serum levels were measured by ELISA.

Results

Adiponectin serum levels were significantly lower in early-onset GDM women than in standard-onset GDM patients or controls matched for gestational age. Leptin serum levels were significantly higher in women with early-onset GDM than in controls. Women with early-onset GDM had lower adiponectin/leptin ratio than those with standard-onset GDM. There were no significant differences in resistin, ghrelin and visfatin serum levels among the participants.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that, compared to overweight glucose-tolerant women and patients with standard-onset GDM, overweight women with early-onset GDM have unbalanced adipokine levels, suggesting that they have a more inflammatory profile.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP 2010-52547-5; 2011-14620-5) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq 475500/2011-3).

Funding

This work was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP 2010-52547-5; 2011-14620-5) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq 475500/2011-3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    T. F. Lobo, M. R. Torloni, R. Mattar, M. U. Nakamura, S. M. Alexandre & S. Daher

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  1. T. F. Lobo
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  2. M. R. Torloni
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  3. R. Mattar
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Correspondence to S. Daher.

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The research protocol was approved by the university’s ethics committee.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards

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Lobo, T.F., Torloni, M.R., Mattar, R. et al. Adipokine levels in overweight women with early-onset gestational diabetes mellitus. J Endocrinol Invest 42, 149–156 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-018-0894-0

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