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Nanostructured CdS for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution: A review

纳米结构硫化镉光催化分解水产氢综述

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Abstract

Cadmium sulfide (CdS)-based photocatalysts have attracted extensive attention owing to their strong visible light absorption, suitable band energy levels, and excellent electronic charge transportation properties. This review focuses on the recent progress related to the design, modification, and construction of CdS-based photocatalysts with excellent photocatalytic H2 evolution performances. First, the basic concepts and mechanisms of photocatalytic H2 evolution are briefly introduced. Thereafter, the fundamental properties, important advancements, and bottlenecks of CdS in photocatalytic H2 generation are presented in detail to provide an overview of the potential of this material. Subsequently, various modification strategies adopted for CdS-based photocatalysts to yield solar H2 are discussed, among which the effective approaches aim at generating more charge carriers, promoting efficient charge separation, boosting interfacial charge transfer, accelerating charge utilization, and suppressing charge-induced self-photocorrosion. The critical factors governing the performance of the photocatalyst and the feasibility of each modification strategy toward shaping future research directions are comprehensively discussed with examples. Finally, the prospects and challenges encountered in developing nanostructured CdS and CdS-based nanocomposites in photocatalytic H2 evolution are presented.

摘要

太阳能驱动光催化分解水制氢实现可持续制氢气的一种有 效策略. 硫化镉半导体光催化剂基于其较强的可见光响应、适宜 的氧化还原反应带边位置以及优异的电荷传输性能而备受关注. 本文综述了近年来国内外在提高硫化镉基光催化剂制氢性能的设 计、改性和制备等方面的研究进展. 首先简要介绍了光催化制氢 的基本概念和机理, 阐述了硫化镉光催化制氢的基本性质、重要 进展和瓶颈, 综述了该材料的发展前景. 随后, 重点讨论了硫化镉 基光催化剂光催化分解水产氢的各种改性策略, 其中有效的策略 是产生更多的载流子, 促进电荷的有效分离, 促进界面电荷转移, 加速电荷利用, 以及抑制电荷诱导的自光腐蚀. 针对每一种改性策 略, 都详细讨论了影响光催化剂性能的重要因素和未来潜在的研 究方向. 最后介绍了纳米结构硫化镉和硫化镉基纳米复合材料在 光催化分解水产氢中的发展前景和面临的挑战. 本综述将为开发 镉基半导体光催化剂提供重要和及时的理论指导, 并促进其在太 阳能氢气生产中的应用.

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Acknowledgements

Li X thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21975084 and 51672089) and the Ding Ying Talent Project of South China Agricultural University for their support. Ng Y thanks the Hong Kong Research Grant Council (RGC) General Research Fund GRF1305419 for financial support. Zhang P thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51972287 and 51502269).

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  1. These two authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Rongchen Shen  (沈荣晨), Doudou Ren  (任豆豆) & Xin Li  (李鑫)

  2. College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Yingna Ding  (丁英娜) & Yatong Guan  (关雅彤)

  3. School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China

    Yun Hau Ng  (吴永豪)

  4. State Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Peng Zhang  (张鹏)

Authors
  1. Rongchen Shen  (沈荣晨)
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  2. Doudou Ren  (任豆豆)
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  3. Yingna Ding  (丁英娜)
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  4. Yatong Guan  (关雅彤)
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  5. Yun Hau Ng  (吴永豪)
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  6. Peng Zhang  (张鹏)
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  7. Xin Li  (李鑫)
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Correspondence to Yun Hau Ng  (吴永豪), Peng Zhang  (张鹏) or Xin Li  (李鑫).

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Author contributions

Shen R and Li X proposed the topic and outline of the manuscript. Shen R, Ren D, Ding Y and Guan Y collected the related information needed in writing the paper; Shen R and Li X cowrote the manuscript. Ng Y and Zhang P revised and polished this manuscript. All authors discussed and commented on the manuscript.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Rongchen Shen received his Bachelor degree from Huaibei Normal University in 2016 and Master degree from South China Agricultural University in 2019. He is a PhD candidate at South China Agricultural University. His research interests mainly focus on two-dimensional materials for photocatalytic application.

Yun Hau Ng is an associate professor at the School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong. He received his PhD from Osaka University in 2009. Before joining the City University of Hong Kong, he was a lecturer (2014) and senior lecturer (2016) in the School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales. His research is focused on the development of novel photoactive semiconductors for solar energy conversion. He received the APEC ASPIRE Prize in 2019, Distinguished Lectureship Award from the Chemical Society of Japan in 2018, and Honda-Fujishima Prize by the Electrochemical Society of Japan in 2013.

Peng Zhang received his PhD in materials physics and chemistry from Northeast Normal University, China (2014). After postdoctoral research at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Germany, he joined the School of Materials Science and engineering at Zhengzhou University. His current research interests focus on micro- and nanotechnology including low-dimensional carbon-based materials (graphene, CNF, carbon layer, etc.) and their applications in the fields of environment remediation and energy storage. He has published more than 60 SCI papers in the above fields such as Adv. Mater., Adv. Func. Mater., Energy Storage Mater. His work has been cited more than 4,000 times, and his H-index is 33.

Xin Li received his BS and PhD degrees in chemical engineering from Zhengzhou University in 2002 and South China University of Technology in 2007, respectively. Then, he joined South China Agricultural University as a faculty staff member, and became an associate professor of applied chemistry in 2011. In 2017, he became a Professor at South China Agricultural University. During 2012–2013, he worked as a visiting scholar at the Electrochemistry Center, the University of Texas at Austin, USA. His research interests include photocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, adsorption, and the development of nanomaterials and devices (see http://www.researcherid.com/rid/A-2698-2011).

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Shen, R., Ren, D., Ding, Y. et al. Nanostructured CdS for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution: A review. Sci. China Mater. 63, 2153–2188 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-020-1456-x

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