Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Investigation of Soil–Structure Interaction Effects on Seismic Response of a 5 MW Wind Turbine

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Civil Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper investigates the seismic behavior of a wind turbine, including soil–structure interaction (SSI). A full-system finite-element model is introduced for dynamic analysis, including SSI. The model is based on the NREL 5 MW reference wind turbine that consists of a rotor blade system with three rotating blades, nacelle, and tower connected to a soil–foundation system. The proposed model is validated using the full-system natural frequencies of the reference wind turbine. In the soil foundation system, the foundation is modeled as a rigid gravity-based foundation with two DOFs and the SSI effect is considered using a cone model. Dynamic analyses are developed in frequency and time domains, and the model is subjected to earthquake excitation and wind loading for different soil types for parked and operational conditions. Transfer functions are obtained, and the modal frequencies of the soil foundation structure system are estimated. Results show that SSI plays an important role in the response of the wind turbine. We can conclude that for a parked wind turbine, the effect of SSI is beneficial while considering that SSI has a detrimental effect in the operational conditions of wind turbine. The participation of different input loads in total response of an operational wind turbine is also presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Diaz-nevarez O (2010) Seismic analysis of horizontal axis wind turbines. PhD Dissertation, University of Puerto Rico

  2. Gasch R, Twele J (2004) Wind power plants, fundamentals, design, construction and operation. Springer, London

    Google Scholar 

  3. Prowell I (2011) An experimental and numerical study of wind turbine seismic behavior. PhD Dissertation, University of California

  4. Wolf JP, Deeks AJ (2004) Foundation vibration analysis: a strength-of-materials approach. Elsevier, Great Britain

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ghaffar-Zadeh M, Chapel F (1983) Frequency-independent impedances of soil–structure systems in horizontal and rocking modes. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 11(4):523–540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Liingaard M (2006) Dynamic behaviour of suction caissons. PhD Dissertation, Aalborg University

  7. Germanischer Lloyd (2010) Guideline for the certification of wind turbines. Germanischer Lloyd, Hamburg, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  8. Bazeos N, Hatzigeorgiou GD, Hondros ID, Karamaneas H, Karabalis DL, Beskos DE (2002) Static, seismic and stability analyses of a prototype wind turbine steel tower. Eng Struct 24(8):1015–1025

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ma H, Zhang D (2016) Seismic response of a prestressed concrete wind turbine tower. Int J Civ Eng. doi10.1007/s40999-016-0029-y

    Google Scholar 

  10. AlHamaydeh M, Hussain S (2011) Optimized frequency-based foundation design for wind turbine towers utilizing soil–structure interaction. J Frankl Inst 348(7):1470–1487

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Taddei F, Meskouris K (2013) Seismic analysis of onshore wind turbine including soil–structure interaction effects. In: International conference on seismic design of industrial facilities, RWTH Aachen University

  12. Zhao X, Maisser P (2006) Seismic response analysis of wind turbine towers including soil–structure interaction. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part K J Multi body Dyn 220(1):53–61

    Google Scholar 

  13. He G, Li J (2008) Seismic analysis of wind turbine system including soil–structure interaction. In: The 14th world conference on earthquake engineering, Beijing

  14. Harte M, Basu B, Nielsen SRK (2012) Dynamic analysis of wind turbines including soil–structure interaction. Eng Struct 45:509–518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Jonkman J, Butterfield S, Musial W, Scott G (2009) Definition of a 5-MW reference wind turbine for offshore system development, Technical Report No. NREL/TP-500-38060, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden

  16. Sert S, Kılıç AN (2016) Numerical investigation of different superstructure loading type effects in mat foundations. Int J Civ Eng 14(3):171–180

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Pais A, Kausel E (1988) Approximate formulas for dynamic stiffnesses of rigid foundations. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 7(4):213–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Chopra AK (2006) Dynamics of structures: theory and application to earthquake engineering. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey

    Google Scholar 

  19. Veletsos AS, Tang Y (1990) Soil–structure interaction effects for laterally excited liquid storage tanks. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 19(4):473–496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Hansen M, Sϕrensen J, Voutsinas S, Sϕrensen N, Madsen H (2006) State of the art in wind turbine aerodynamics and aeroelasticity. Prog Aerosp Sci 42(4):285–330

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Humar JL, Bagchi A, Xia H (1998) Frequency domain analysis of soil–structure interaction. Comput Struct 66(2–3):337–351

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. ASCE Standard ASCE/SEI 7-10 (2010) Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures, American Society of Civil Engineers Reston, Virginia

  23. Jonkman BJ, Kilcher L (2012) TurbSim User’s Guide Version 1.06.00. Technical Report No. NREL/TP-xxx-xxxx, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden

  24. Laino DJ, Hansen (2002) AC User’s Guide to the Wind Turbine Dynamics Computer Software AeroDyn Version 12.50, Windward Engineering, LC, Salt Lake City

  25. Jonkman J, Marshal LB Jr (2005) FAST User’s Guide Version 6.0. Technical Report No. NREL/EL-500-28230, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden

  26. Applied Technology Council (ATC) (2009) Quantification of building seismic performance factors, FEMA P695, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC

  27. PEER Ground motion Database (2016) http://ngawest2.berkeley.edu/. Accessed 25 July 2016

  28. Kaimal JC, Wyngaard JC, Izumi Y, Cote OR (1972) Spectral characteristics of surface layer turbulence. Q J R Meteorol Soc 98(417):563–589

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) (2006) Wind turbines-Part 3: Design requirements for offshore wind turbines, IEC 61400-3, Draft 1st edition, Geneva

  30. Moriarty PJ, Hansen AC (2005) AeroDyn Theory Manual. Technical Report No. NREL/EL-500-36881, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden

  31. Veletsos AS, Nair VV (1975) Seismic interaction of structures on hysteretic foundations. J Struct Eng ASCE 101(1):109–129

    Google Scholar 

  32. Veletsos AS, Meek JW (1974) Dynamic behaviour of building-foundation systems. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 3(2):121–138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Wind Energy Department of Riso National Laboratory and Det Norske Veritas (DNV/Risϕ) (2001) Guidelines for Design of Wind Turbines, Copenhagen

  34. Bhattacharya S (2014) Challenges in design of foundations for offshore wind turbines. Eng Technol Ref 1(1):1–9

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Mohammad Vatanchian & Ahmad Shooshtari

Authors
  1. Mohammad Vatanchian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ahmad Shooshtari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ahmad Shooshtari.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Vatanchian, M., Shooshtari, A. Investigation of Soil–Structure Interaction Effects on Seismic Response of a 5 MW Wind Turbine. Int J Civ Eng 16, 1–17 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-016-0059-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-016-0059-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation