Abstract
In the present study, Rayleigh waves are propagated through a thick Aluminum (Al) plate to evaluate its material nonlinearity based on the second harmonic produced in the response. The experiments and numerical simulations are carried out on the pristine and fatigued thick Al specimens, and an amplitude-based Rayleigh wave nonlinear parameter is used to characterize the material nonlinearity. In addition, a physics-based nonlinear parameter that depends on the sub-structural evolution parameters, and higher-order plastic and elastic constants are also used to characterize the nonlinearity of the pristine and fatigued Al material. They found to be in good agreement for the predefined conditions of tone burst cycles in the actuation signal and propagation distance. The knowledge of material nonlinearity parameters evaluated for the pristine and fatigued thick plate specimens using Rayleigh waves is shown in the present study to be crucial to evaluate the remnant useful life (RUL) of the fatigued specimen with fair accuracy.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abraham ST, Shivaprasad S, Das CR, Albert SK, Venkatraman B, Balasubramaniam K (2020) Effect of grain size distribution on the acoustic nonlinearity parameter. J Appl Phys 127:185102
Andhale Y, Masurkar F, Yelve NP (2019) Localization of damages in plain and riveted aluminium specimens using Lamb waves. Int J Acoust Vibr 24(1):150–165
Brown LM (2000) Dislocation plasticity in persistent slip bands. Mater Sci Eng, A 285(1–2):35–42
Brown LM, Ogin SL (1981) Dislocation modelling of physical systems. Pergamon Press
Cantrell JH (2004) Substructural organization, dislocation plasticity and harmonic generation in cyclically stressed wavy slip metals. Proc R Soc A: Math Phys Eng Sci 460:757–780
Cantrell JH (2006a) Quantitative assessment of fatigue damage accumulation in wavy slip metals from acoustic harmonic generation. Phil Mag 86(11):1539–1554
Cantrell JH (2006) Dependence of microelastic-plastic nonlinearity of martensitic stainless steel on fatigue damage accumulation. J Appl Phys 100:063508
Cantrell JH (2009) Ultrasonic harmonic generation from fatigue-induced dislocation substructures in planar slip metals and assessment of remaining fatigue life. J Appl Phys 106(9):1–7
Grobstein TL, Sivashankaran S, Welsch G, Panigrahi N, Gervey M, Blue. (1991) Fatigue damage accumulation in nickel prior to crack initiation. Mater Sci Eng, A 138(2):191–203
Guo S, Chen S, Zhang L, Chen YF, Yao K (2018) Plastic strain determination with nonlinear ultrasonic waves using in-situ integrated piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 65(1):95–101
He C, Deng P, Lu Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Jiao J, Wu B (2017) Estimation of surface crack depth using Rayleigh waves by electromagnetic acoustic transducers. Int J Acoust Vibr 22(4):541–548
Jhang K (2009) Nonlinear ultrasonic techniques for non-destructive assessment of micro damage in material : a review. Int J Precis Eng Manuf 10(1):123–135
Jhang KY, Lee J, Lee T (2012) Acoustic nonlinearity of surface wave in a fatigued aluminium alloy specimen. Mater Trans 53(2):303–307
Li P, Yost WT, Cantrell JH, and Salama K (1985) Dependence of acoustic nonlinearity parameter on second phase precipitates of aluminum alloys. In Proc. IEEE 1985 Ultrasonics Symposium, pp 1113–1115.
Mandal DD, Banerjee S (2019) Identification of breathing type disbonds in stiffened panels using non-linear lamb waves and built-in circular PWT array. Mech Syst Signal Process 117:33–51
Marcantonio V, Monarca D, Colantoni A, Cecchini M (2019) Ultrasonic waves for materials evaluation in fatigue, thermal and corrosion damage: a review. Mech Syst Signal Process 120:32–42
Masurkar F, Tse PW (2019) Theoretical and Experimental evaluation of the health status of a 1018 steel I-Beam using nonlinear Rayleigh waves: Application to evaluating localized plastic damage due to impact loading. Ultrasonics 108:106036
Masurkar F, Tse PW (2019a) Analysing the features of material nonlinearity evaluation in a rectangular aluminium beam using Rayleigh waves: Theoretical and experimental study. J Phys Commun 3:055002
Masurkar FA, Yelve NP (2017) Lamb wave-based experimental and finite element simulation studies for damage detection in an aluminium and a composite plate using geodesic algorithm. Int J Acoust Vib 22(4):413–421
Masurkar FA, Yelve NP (2017b) Optimizing location of damage within an enclosed area defined by an algorithm based on the Lamb wave response data. Appl Acoust 120:98–110
Masurkar F, Tse PW, Yelve N (2018a) Evaluation of inherent and dislocation induced material nonlinearity in metallic plates using Lamb waves. Appl Acoust 136:76–85
Masurkar F, Tse PW, Yelve N (2018b) Investigating the critical aspects of evaluating the material nonlinearity in metal plates using Lamb waves: theoretical and numerical approach. Appl Acoust 140:301–314
Masurkar F, Tse P, Yelve N (2020) Theoretical and experimental measurement of intrinsic and fatigue induced material nonlinearities using Lamb wave-based nonlinearity parameters. Measurement 151:107148
Mini RS, Ravindran P, Krishnamurthy CV, Balasubramaniam K (2020) Experimental and numerical investigation of second harmonic generation by creep induced micro-voids. Exp Mech 60:1017–1032
Mughrabi H, Ackerman F, Herz K (1978) Fatigue mechanisms. In: Proc. ASTM-NBS-NSF Symposium, Kansas City, MO
Pai PF, Deng H, Sundaresan MJ (2015) Time-frequency characterization of Lamb waves for material evaluation and damage inspection of plates. Mech Syst Signal Process 62–63:183–206
Rauter N, Lammering R (2015) Numerical simulation of elastic wave propagation in isotropic media considering material and geometrical nonlinearities. Smart Mater Struct 24(4):45027
Rose JL (2014) Ultrasonic guided waves in solid media. Cambridge University Press, New York
Seo H, Jun J, Jhang KY (2017) Assessment of thermal aging of aluminium alloy by acoustic nonlinearity measurement of surface acoustic waves. Res Nondestr Eval 28(1):3–17
Shui GS, Wang YS (2012) Nondestructive evaluation of material damage using nonlinear Rayleigh waves approach. Adv Mater Res 463–464:1522–1526
Stobbe DM (2005) Acoustoelasticity in 7075-T651 Aluminum and dependence of third order elastic constants on fatigue damage. Master’s Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology
Thurston RN, Brugger K (1964) Third-order elastic constants and the velocity of small amplitude elastic waves in homogeneously stressed media. Phys Rev 133(6A):A1604–A1610
Wan X, Tse PW, Xu GH, Tao TF, Zhang Q (2016) Analytical and numerical studies of approximate phase velocity matching based nonlinear S0 mode Lamb waves for the detection of evenly distributed microstructural changes. Smart Mater Struct 25(4):045023
Yelve NP, Tse PW, Masurkar F (2018) Theoretical and experimental evaluation of material nonlinearity in metal plates using Lamb waves. Struct Control Health Monitor 25(6):e2164
Acknowledgements
The work described in this paper was fully supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Project No. [T32-101/15-R]) and a grant from City University of Hong Kong (Project No. 7005120).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yelve, N.P., Masurkar, F. & Tse, P. Application of Rayleigh wave-based nonlinearity parameter to estimate the remnant useful life of fatigued thick aluminum plates. ISSS J Micro Smart Syst 10, 161–178 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41683-021-00074-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41683-021-00074-5