Microstructural development in the directed melt-oxidized (DIMOX) Al-Mg-Si alloys

Abstract

Metal-ceramic composites produced via directed melt oxidation (DIMOX) of aluminium alloys are of recent interest. Thein situ composite forming method is based on the reaction of a molten alloy with a gaseous oxidant. In the present study, Al-Mg-Si alloys were subjected to directed melt oxidation and the progressive microstructural evolution was examined by interrupted growth experiments. In the early stages, liquid alloy oxidizes to form a duplex oxide layer (MgO+MgAl₂O₄) on the surface. The openings in these oxide layers allow the liquid alloy to wick through to form small nodules on the surface. When further wicking occurs through these nodules, a “cauliflower” type of colonies is formed. During the early part of the second stage, spinel growth dominates to form a multi-layered structure. In the final stage, as the magnesium reaches low levels, Al₂O₃ formation dominates the growth, and alumina crystals grow continuously for several tens of micrometres. The oxygen required for alumina formation is expected to come from two sources: (i) from the ingress of oxygen through microcracked oxide layers, and (ii) demixing of magnesium-containing oxides in the underneath layers.