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Cell-specific toxicity of fibrates in human embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells

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Abstract

The effects of a variety of fibrates on the cell viability were examined in human embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells (HRMSC). Five fibrates, including fenofibrate, clofibrate, gemfibrozil, bezafibrate and ciprofibrate, all concentration-dependently reduced the cell viability determined by the mitochondrial enzyme activity. The cell injury occurred time-dependently and was marked at 24–48 h. The toxic action of fibrates was specific to HRMSC, since bezafibrate did not induce any marked changes in the viability of human microvascular endothelial cells or arterial smooth muscle cells. Synergistic cell injury was observed after a combined treatment with bezafibrate and simvastatin, although simvastatin alone reduced the cell viability. The cell injury was characterized by a typical nuclear damage, as evidenced by Hoechst 33342 staining and deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end label-positive staining. Similar cell-specific injury was induced by 8(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, a potent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist. Consistent with these data, a marked expression for PPARα mRNA was observed in HRMSC but not in the endothelial or smooth muscle cells. Therefore, it is suggested that fibrates cause a cell-specific injury in HRMSC via activation of PPARα. Moreover, our present cell injury model using HRMSC may be useful for elucidating the mechanisms of clinical rhabdomyolysis induced by lipid-lowering agents.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, 812–8582, Fukuoka, Japan

    Takayoshi Maiguma, Koji Fujisaki, Yoshinori Itoh, Kazutaka Makino, Daisuke Teshima & Ryozo Oishi

  2. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812–8582, Fukuoka, Japan

    Fumi Takahashi-Yanaga & Toshiyuki Sasaguri

Authors
  1. Takayoshi Maiguma
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  2. Koji Fujisaki
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  3. Yoshinori Itoh
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  4. Kazutaka Makino
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  5. Daisuke Teshima
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  6. Fumi Takahashi-Yanaga
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  7. Toshiyuki Sasaguri
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  8. Ryozo Oishi
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Correspondence to Yoshinori Itoh.

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Maiguma, T., Fujisaki, K., Itoh, Y. et al. Cell-specific toxicity of fibrates in human embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 367, 289–296 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-002-0660-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-002-0660-9

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