Flow injection chemiluminescence determination of naftopidil based on potassium permanganate oxidation in the presence of formaldehyde or formic acid

Abstract

A flow injection method is proposed for the determination of naftopidil based upon the oxidation by potassium permanganate in a sulfuric acid medium and sensitized by formaldehyde and formic acid. The optimum chemical conditions for the chemiluminescence emission were 0.25 mM potassium permanganate and 4.0 M sulfuric acid. Two manifolds were tested and instrumental parameters such as the length of the reactor, injection volume and flow rate were compared. When using the selected manifold in the presence of 0.4 M formaldehyde, naftopidil gives a second-order calibration graph over the concentration range 0.1–40.0 mg L⁻¹ with a detection limit calculated (as proposed by IUPAC) of 92.5 ng mL⁻¹ and a standard deviation of 0.12 mg mL⁻¹ for ten samples of 10.0 mg L⁻¹ naftopidil. In the presence of 1.15 M formic acid, naftopidil gives a second-order calibration graph over the concentration range 0.05–40.0 mg L⁻¹ with a detection limit of 14.2 ng mL⁻¹ and a standard deviation of 0.37 mg mL⁻¹ for ten samples of 10.0 mg L⁻¹ naftopidil. In both cases, the determination is free from interferences from common excipients such as sucrose, glucose, lactose, starch and citric acid.