Abstract
Here, we report on a novel, versatile approach for the preparation of mediated enzyme electrodes, demonstrated using cross-linked films of glucose oxidase and a range of functionalised osmium complexes on graphite electrodes. Response of enzyme electrodes are optimised by evaluation of glucose response as a function of variation in ratios of [Os(2,2′-bipyridine)2(4-aminomethyl pyridine)Cl]+ redox mediator, polyallylamine support and glucose oxidase enzyme cross-linked using a di-epoxide reagent in films on graphite. Lowering of the redox potential required to mediate glucose oxidation is achieved by synthesis of complexes using (4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) or (4,4′-dimethoxy-2,2′-bipyridine) as a ligand instead of (2,2′-bipyridine). Enzyme electrodes prepared using the complexes based on dimethoxy- or dimethyl-substituted bipyridines provide glucose oxidation current densities of 30 and 70 μA cm−2 at 0.2 and 0.35 V applied potential compared to 120 μA cm−2 at 0.45 V for the initial enzyme electrode, under pseudo-physiological conditions in 5 mM glucose, with stability of signals proving inadequate for long-term operation. Current output and stability may be improved by selection of alternate anchoring and cross-linking methodology, to provide enzyme electrodes capable for application to long-term glucose biosensors and anodes in enzymatic fuel cells.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by an ERA-Chemistry award through the Irish Research Council, EU-FP7 programme “3D-nanobiodevice” (FP7 NMP4-SL-2009-229255) and a Charles Parsons Energy Research Award by Science Foundation Ireland.
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Published in the topical collection Bioelectroanalysis with guest editors Nicolas Plumeré, Magdalena Gebala, and Wolfgang Schuhmann.
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Ó Conghaile, P., Kamireddy, S., MacAodha, D. et al. Mediated glucose enzyme electrodes by cross-linking films of osmium redox complexes and glucose oxidase on electrodes. Anal Bioanal Chem 405, 3807–3812 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-6628-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-6628-9