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Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Abrogates Bone Resorption in a Murine Calvarial Model of Polyethylene Particle-Induced Osteolysis

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Abstract

Particle-induced bone loss by osteoclasts is a common cause of aseptic loosening around implants. This study investigates whether caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a potent and specific inhibitor of nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 1 and nuclear factor kappa B, at a low dose reduces bone resorption in a murine calvarial model of polyethylene (PE) particle-induced osteolysis. The effects of particles and CAPE treatment on gastrointestinal tract (GIT) histopathology were also evaluated. Mice were scanned using in vivo animal micro-computed tomography (μCT) as a baseline measurement. PE particles (2.82 × 109 particles/mL) were implanted over the calvariae on day 0. CAPE was administered subcutaneously (1 mg/kg/day) at days 0, 4, 7 and 10. Mice were killed at day 14 and serum was analysed for Type-1 carboxyterminal collagen crosslinks (CTX)-1 and osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) levels. Ex vivo μCT scans were conducted to assess bone volume (BV) change and percentage area of calvarial surface resorbed. Calvarial and GIT tissue was processed for histopathology. By day 14, PE particles significantly induced calvarial bone loss compared with control animals as evidenced by resorption areas adjacent to the implanted PE in three-dimensional μCT images, an increase in percentage of resorbed area (p = 0.0022), reduction in BV (p = 0.0012) and increased Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positive cells. Serum CTX-1 (p = 0.0495) and OSCAR levels (p = 0.0006) significantly increased in the PE implant group. CAPE significantly inhibited PE particle-induced calvarial osteolysis, as evidenced by a significant reduction in surface bone resorption (p = 0.0012) and volumetric change (p = 0.0154) compared with PE only, but had no effect on systemic CTX-1. Neither particles nor CAPE had an effect on GIT histopathology.

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Acknowledgments

The work has been supported by a New Appointment Grant, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide. The Malaysian Government (USM) provided support for M. S. F. Z.

Conflict of interest

M. S. F. Zawawi, E. Perilli, R. L. Stansborough, V. Marino, M. D. Cantley, J. Xu, A. A. S. S .K. Dharmapatni, D. R. Haynes, R. J. Gibson and T. N. Crotti state that they have no conflicts of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This study was conducted in accordance with ethics approved by The University of Adelaide (M-2001-070) and SA Pathology (106/10) and complied with the National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) Code of Practice for Animal Care in Research and Teaching (2014).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia

    M. S. F. Zawawi, R. L. Stansborough, M. D. Cantley, A. A. S. S. K. Dharmapatni, D. R. Haynes, R. J. Gibson & T. N. Crotti

  2. School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Gelugor, Malaysia

    M. S. F. Zawawi

  3. Medical Device Research Institute, School of Computer Science, Engineering and Mathematics, Flinders University, Clovelly Park, SA, Australia

    E. Perilli

  4. School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    V. Marino

  5. School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia

    J. Xu

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  1. M. S. F. Zawawi
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  2. E. Perilli
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  5. M. D. Cantley
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  7. A. A. S. S. K. Dharmapatni
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Correspondence to T. N. Crotti.

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Zawawi, M.S.F., Perilli, E., Stansborough, R.L. et al. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Abrogates Bone Resorption in a Murine Calvarial Model of Polyethylene Particle-Induced Osteolysis. Calcif Tissue Int 96, 565–574 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-9982-8

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