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The effects of nozzle geometry on waterjet breakup at high Reynolds numbers

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Abstract

Waterjet breakup is traditionally considered to follow the Ohnesorge classification. In this classification, high Reynolds number waterjets are considered to atomize quickly after discharge. By generating a constricted waterjet where the water flow stays detached all the way through the nozzle, we have observed the first wind-induced breakup mode at high Reynolds numbers. Such a peculiar behavior, however, was not observed in non-constricted waterjets. Our results indicate that, constricted jets do not follow the Ohnesorge classification, in contrast to the non-constricted waterjets. We discuss the impact of nozzle geometry on the characteristics of waterjets and support our discussion by numerical simulations.

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Abbreviations

Z :

Ohnesorge number

μ L :

water dynamic viscosity

σ :

air–water surface tension

ρ L :

water density

ρ g :

air density

d j :

waterjet diameter at the nozzle outlet

d 0 :

nozzle capillary diameter

U L :

flow velocity

We L :

Weber number based on water density

We g :

Weber number based on air density

Re L :

Reynolds number

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Acknowledgement

The current work is supported by the Nonwovens Cooperative Research Center. Their support is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nonwovens Cooperative Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8301, USA

    H. Vahedi Tafreshi & B. Pourdeyhimi

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  1. H. Vahedi Tafreshi
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  2. B. Pourdeyhimi
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Correspondence to B. Pourdeyhimi.

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Vahedi Tafreshi, H., Pourdeyhimi, B. The effects of nozzle geometry on waterjet breakup at high Reynolds numbers. Exp Fluids 35, 364–371 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-003-0685-y

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