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A higher Mediterranean diet adherence and exercise practice are associated with a healthier drinking profile in a healthy Spanish adult population

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Abstract

Purpose

Very few studies have examined the association between beverage intake patterns and healthy lifestyle characteristics. Most of the research that has been carried out focuses on the consumption of soft drinks or alcohol and ignores the overall beverage pattern. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between consumption of different types of beverage and physical exercise practice and MedDiet adherence.

Methods

Cross-sectional information about fluid intake from different types of beverages was collected in 1262 men and women between 18 and 70 years old, using a 24-h fluid-specific diary over seven consecutive days. Physical exercise was evaluated with a self-reported questionnaire, and MedDiet adherence was assessed using a validated 14-item questionnaire. Both variables were classified into three categories.

Results

Individuals with greater adherence to the MedDiet showed a higher intake of water and wine and a lower consumption of sweet regular beverages. Participants who engaged in more physical exercise consumed more water, milk and derivatives, juices and wine and less sweet regular beverages. Compared to the lowest category, the possibility of meeting the EFSA recommendations of total fluid intake was greater in individuals with eight or more points on the MedDiet adherence questionnaire [OR 1.94; 95 % CI 1.25–3.01] and in those who practice physical exercise three times a week or more [OR 1.71; 95 % CI 1.22–2.39]. Participants with a healthier lifestyle had a lower risk of exceeding the WHO’s free-sugar recommendations only from beverages.

Conclusions

Participants with greater adherence to the MedDiet and who engaged in more physical exercise exhibit a healthier pattern of fluid intake.

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Abbreviations

EFSA:

European Food Safety Agency

ORs:

Odds ratios

IOM:

Institute of Medicine

BMI:

Body mass index

WHO:

World Health Organization

CI:

Confidence intervals

MedDiet:

Mediterranean diet

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Acknowledgments

The authors are indebted to the participants in the study for their collaboration. The presented data was collected by TNS.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV (Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201, Reus, Spain

    Cíntia Ferreira-Pêgo, Nancy Babio & Jordi Salas-Salvadó

  2. CIBERobn (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

    Cíntia Ferreira-Pêgo, Nancy Babio & Jordi Salas-Salvadó

Authors
  1. Cíntia Ferreira-Pêgo
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  3. Jordi Salas-Salvadó
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Nancy Babio or Jordi Salas-Salvadó.

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Conflict of interest

C.F.-P. reports no conflicts of interest. J.S.-S is member of the scientific advisory board on fluid intake of Danone Research. J.S.-S. and N.B. have received consultancies from Danone S.A.

Informed consent

All the participants give their consent prior to the inclusion in the study. University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus Ethics Committee gives their approval to the study protocol (ref. C.E.I.C-012).

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Ferreira-Pêgo, C., Babio, N. & Salas-Salvadó, J. A higher Mediterranean diet adherence and exercise practice are associated with a healthier drinking profile in a healthy Spanish adult population. Eur J Nutr 56, 739–748 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-1117-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-1117-5

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