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Non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC) estimated by two different dietary assessment methods and its relationship with NEAC plasma levels

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Abstract

Purpose

We aimed to quantify and compare dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC), estimated using two dietary assessment methods, and to explore its relationship with plasma NEAC.

Methods

Fifty healthy subjects volunteer to participate in this study. Two dietary assessment methods [a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a 24-hour recall (24-HR)] were used to collect dietary information. Dietary NEAC, including oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), total polyphenols, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, was estimated using several data sources of NEAC content in food. NEAC status was measured in fasting blood samples using the same assays. We performed nonparametric Spearman’s correlation analysis between pairs of dietary NEAC (FFQ and 24-HR) and diet-plasma NEAC, with and without the contribution of coffee’s NEAC. Partial correlation analysis was used to estimate correlations regardless of variables potentially influencing these relationships.

Results

FFQ-based NEAC and 24-HR-based NEAC were moderately correlated, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.54 to 0.71, after controlling for energy intake, age and sex. Statistically significant positive correlations were found for dietary FRAP, either derived from the FFQ or the 24-HR, with plasma FRAP (r ~ 0.30). This weak, albeit statistically significant, correlation for FRAP was mostly present in the fruits and vegetables food groups. Plasma ORAC without proteins and 24-HR-based total ORAC were also positively correlated (r = 0.35).

Conclusion

The relationship between dietary NEAC and plasma FRAP and ORAC suggests the dietary NEAC may reflect antioxidant status despite its weak in vivo potential, supporting further its use in oxidative stress-related disease epidemiology.

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Abbreviations

TAC:

Total antioxidant capacity

NEAC:

Non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity

ORAC:

Oxygen radical absorbance capacity

FRAP:

Ferric-reducing antioxidant power

TRAP:

Total radical-trapping antioxidant parameters

TEAC-ABTS:

Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity

VCEAC:

Vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity

GAE:

Gallic acid equivalent

Tp:

Total phenolic compounds

FCR:

Folin–Ciocalteu reagent

FFQ:

Food frequency questionnaire

24-HR:

24-Hour recall

CI:

Confidence interval

BMI:

Body mass index

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the volunteers who made the study possible through their participation and collaboration. This paper and results presented constitute part of the C.J. Carrión-García’s Doctoral Thesis performed in the Nutrition and Food Science Doctorate Program of the University of Granada. This study was supported by a grant from Health Research Fund (FIS), Acción Estratégica en Salud, of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PI12/00002), co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja S/N, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Cayetano Javier Carrión-García, Eduardo J. Guerra-Hernández & Belén García-Villanova

  2. Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospital Universitario de Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain

    Esther Molina-Montes

  3. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain

    Esther Molina-Montes

  4. Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain

    Esther Molina-Montes

  5. Nutrition and Food Science Doctorate Program (RD 99/2011), University of Granada, Granada, Spain

    Cayetano Javier Carrión-García

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  1. Cayetano Javier Carrión-García
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Correspondence to Eduardo J. Guerra-Hernández.

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Carrión-García, C.J., Guerra-Hernández, E.J., García-Villanova, B. et al. Non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC) estimated by two different dietary assessment methods and its relationship with NEAC plasma levels. Eur J Nutr 56, 1561–1576 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1201-5

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