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An evaluation of novel real-time technology as a tool for measurement of radiobiological and radiation-induced bystander effects

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Abstract

The xCELLigence real-time cell impedance system uses a non-invasive and label-free method to create a cell index that is a composite measure of cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to evaluate xCELLigence against clonogenic assay (gold standard) for measuring radiobiological effects and radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBE). A radiobiological study was conducted by irradiating EMT6.5, 4T1.2 and NMUMG cell lines with different radiation doses, while a RIBE study was done using transfer of conditioned media (CM) harvested from donor to the same type of recipient cell (EMT6.5, 4T1.2, NMUMG, HACAT and SW48). CM was harvested using two protocols which differed in the dose chosen and the exposure to the recipient cells. Results showed that xCELLigence measured a radiobiological effect which correlated with the clonogenic assay. For the RIBE study, no statistically significant differences were observed between xCELLigence or clonogenic survival in control or recipient cells incubated with CM in protocol one. However, there was a significant increase in cell index slope using CM from EMT-6.5 cells irradiated at 7.5 Gy compared with the control group under the second protocol. No other evidence of RIBE was detected by either xCELLigence or clonogenic assay. In conclusion, xCELLigence methods can measure radiobiological effects and the results correlate with clonogenic assay. We observed a lack of RIBE in all tested cell lines with the clonogenic assay; however, we observed a RIBE effect in EMT6.5 cells under one particular protocol that showed RIBE is cell type dependent, is not universally observed and can be detected in different assays.

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Acknowledgments

The study was funded in part by a Project Grant (606614) from the National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Level 7, 20 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia

    Mohammad Johari Ibahim, Premila Paiva, Yuqing Yang, Marina Zaitseva & Peter A. W. Rogers

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mohammad Johari Ibahim

  3. School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia

    Jeffrey C. Crosbie

  4. William Buckland Radiotherapy Centre, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia

    Jeffrey C. Crosbie

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  1. Mohammad Johari Ibahim
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  2. Jeffrey C. Crosbie
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  3. Premila Paiva
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  4. Yuqing Yang
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  5. Marina Zaitseva
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  6. Peter A. W. Rogers
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter A. W. Rogers.

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Conflict of interest

All authors declare no conflicts of interest. Premila Paiva and Jeffrey C. Crosbie are recipients of Early Career Researcher Fellowships from the National Health & Medical Research Council (NHMRC), Australia. Mohammad Johari Ibahim receives PhD scholarship from The Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia.

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Ibahim, M.J., Crosbie, J.C., Paiva, P. et al. An evaluation of novel real-time technology as a tool for measurement of radiobiological and radiation-induced bystander effects. Radiat Environ Biophys 55, 185–194 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-016-0641-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-016-0641-x

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