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The distribution and chemical coding of enteroendocrine cells in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected individuals with chagasic megacolon

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Abstract

Chagas disease is caused by the parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi that causes chronic cardiac and digestive dysfunction. Megacolon, an irreversible dilation of the left colon, is the main feature of the gastrointestinal form of Chagas disease. Patients have severe constipation, a consequence of enteric neuron degeneration associated with chronic inflammation. Dysmotility, infection, neuronal loss and a chronic exacerbated inflammation, all observed in Chagas disease, can affect enteroendocrine cells (EEC) expression, which in turn, could influence the inflammatory process. In this study, we investigated the distribution and chemical coding of EEC in the dilated and non-dilated portion of T. cruzi-induced megacolon and in non-infected individuals (control colon). Using immunohistochemistry, EECs were identified by applying antibodies to chromogranin A (CgA), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), peptide YY (PYY) and somatostatin (SST). Greater numbers of EEC expressing GLP-1 and SST occurred in the dilated portion compared to the non-dilated portion of the same patients with Chagas disease and in control colon, but numbers of 5-HT and PYY EEC were not significantly different. However, it was noticeable that EEC in which 5-HT and PYY were co-expressed were common in control colon, but were rare in the non-dilated and absent in the dilated portion of chagasic megacolon. An increase in the number of CgA immunoreactive EEC in chagasic patients reflected the increases in EEC numbers summarised above. Our data suggests that the denervation and associated chronic inflammation are accompanied by changes in the number and coding of EEC that could contribute to disorders of motility and defence in the chagasic megacolon.

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Funding

This study was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).

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  1. Patrícia Rocha Martins and Josiane Fakhry have equal contribution for first author.

  2. Adriana Jacaúna de Oliveira and Thayse Batista Moreira have equal contribution for second author.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Patrícia Rocha Martins, Adriana Jacaúna de Oliveira & Thayse Batista Moreira

  2. Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia

    Josiane Fakhry, Linda J. Fothergill & John B. Furness

  3. Mário Penna Institute, Center for Teaching and Research, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Enio Chaves de Oliveira

  4. Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil

    Débora d’Ávila Reis

  5. Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia

    Linda J. Fothergill & John B. Furness

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Martins, P.R., Fakhry, J., de Oliveira, A.J. et al. The distribution and chemical coding of enteroendocrine cells in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected individuals with chagasic megacolon. Histochem Cell Biol 155, 451–462 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-020-01947-w

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