Abstract
It is well known that pendrin, an apical Cl−/HCO3 −exchanger in type B intercalated cells, is modulated by chronic acid-base disturbances and electrolyte intake. To study this adaptation further at the acute level, we analyzed urinary exosomes from individuals subjected to oral acute acid, alkali, and NaCl loading. Acute oral NH4Cl loading (n = 8) elicited systemic acidemia with a drop in urinary pH and an increase in urinary NH4 excretion. Nadir urinary pH was achieved 5 h after NH4Cl loading. Exosomal pendrin abundance was dramatically decreased at 3 h after acid loading. In contrast, after acute equimolar oral NaHCO3 loading (n = 8), urinary and venous blood pH rose rapidly with a significant attenuation of urinary NH4 excretion. Alkali loading caused rapid upregulation of exosomal pendrin abundance at 1 h and normalized within 3 h of treatment. Equimolar NaCl loading (n = 6) did not alter urinary or venous blood pH or urinary NH4 excretion. However, pendrin abundance in urinary exosomes was significantly reduced at 2 h of NaCl ingestion with lowest levels observed at 4 h after treatment. In patients with inherited distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), pendrin abundance in urinary exosomes was greatly reduced and did not change upon oral NH4Cl loading. In summary, pendrin can be detected and quantified in human urinary exosomes by immunoblotting. Acid, alkali, and NaCl loadings cause acute changes in pendrin abundance in urinary exosomes within a few hours. Our data suggest that exosomal pendrin is a promising urinary biomarker for acute acid-base and volume status changes in humans.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Prof. Alain Doucet for technical assistance, helpful suggestions, and discussions. GP was supported by the Marie Curie Actions International Fellowship Program (IFP). DF was supported by the Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research NCCR TransCure, by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant nos. 31003A_152829 and 33IC30_166785/1), and by a Medical Research Position Award of the Foundation Prof. Dr. Max Cloëtta. CAW is supported by the National Centre of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH and the Swiss National Science Foundation grant (31003A_155959).
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Pathare, G., Dhayat, N., Mohebbi, N. et al. Acute regulated expression of pendrin in human urinary exosomes. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 470, 427–438 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-017-2049-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-017-2049-0