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Characterization of the structure, expression and function of Pinus radiata D. Don arabinogalactan-proteins

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Abstract

A synthetic phenylglycoside (β-GlcY) that interacts specifically with arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), a class of plant cell surface proteoglycans, has been used to study the spatial distribution of AGPs in the xylem tissue of radiata pine. These studies demonstrated that AGPs were located in the compound middle lamella (CML) of the newly developed tracheid. Abundant, low salt extractable AGPs were purified from xylem tissue. Monosaccharide analysis showed that arabinose and galactose were the main sugars present. Linkage analysis showed that most of the arabinose was in the furanose form, at the terminal and 5-linked positions, and the majority of the galactose was in the pyranose form at the terminal 3-, 6- and 3,6-linked positions; a linkage composition typical of AGPs. The AGPs had an abundance of characteristic amino acid residues including alanine, hydroxyproline, proline, and serine. Separation of the AGPs using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography showed that one main fraction was eluted, which tested positive for AGPs by dot-blot analysis using anti-AGP monoclonal antibodies. Sedimentation equilibrium analysis showed that this main fraction contained a 226 kDa species. We have examined the function of AGPs in tracheid differentiation using an established radiata pine callus culture system grown on media containing β-GlcY. The effect of β-GlcY on the cultures was to reduce the overall tracheid differentiation rate in a concentration dependent manner, ultimately resulting in cell death. These studies provide further evidence that AGPs play an important role in tracheid differentiation, and thus may be an important biological target for improving wood quality.

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Abbreviations

α-GalY:

α-Galactosyl Yariv reagent

TIM:

Tracheid induction medium

CML:

Compound middle lamella

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Wood Quality Initiative Ltd, New Zealand for a Doctoral Scholarship to support T. Putoczki. We would also like to thank Prof. P. Knox for the kind gift of the monoclonal antibodies, M. Walters and M. Ingerfeld for technical support. T. Putoczki would like to thank the University of Melbourne and Prof. A. Bacic for hosting time as a visiting academic. The authors would like to dedicate this work to the memory of Dr. Sandra Jackson who passed away during the course of this study.

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  1. Ralf Möller

    Present address: Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, 14476, Potsdam, Germany

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand

    Tracy L. Putoczki, Juliet A. Gerrard & Sandra L. Jackson

  2. School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia

    Filomena Pettolino & Antony Bacic

  3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia

    Michael D. W. Griffin

  4. SCION, Cellwall Biotechnology Centre, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua, New Zealand

    Ralf Möller

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  1. Tracy L. Putoczki
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Correspondence to Tracy L. Putoczki.

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Putoczki, T.L., Pettolino, F., Griffin, M.D.W. et al. Characterization of the structure, expression and function of Pinus radiata D. Don arabinogalactan-proteins. Planta 226, 1131–1142 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-007-0559-2

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