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Parathyroid hormone-related protein production in the lamprey Geotria australis: developmental and evolutionary perspectives

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Abstract

This study explored the distribution of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and its mRNA in tissues of the lamprey Geotria australis, a representative of one of the two surviving groups of an early and jawless stage in vertebrate evolution. For this purpose, antibodies to N-terminal and mid-molecule human PTHrP were used to determine the locations of the antigen. Sites of mRNA production were demonstrated by in situ hybridisation with a digoxigenin-labelled riboprobe to exon VI of the human PTHrP gene. The results revealed that antigen and its mRNA were widely distributed among similar sites of tissue localisation to those described for mammalian and avian species. However, some novel sites of localisation, such as in the gill and notochord, were also found. Some differences in PTHrP localisation were noted among individuals at different intervals of the life cycle, indicating that the distributions of PTHrP, and possibly its roles, change with the stage of development in this species. The widespread tissue distribution in G. australis implies diverse physiological roles for this protein. The presence of PTHrP in the lamprey, a representative of a group of vertebrates, which apparently evolved over 540 million years ago, strongly suggests that it is a protein of ancient origin. In addition, the successful use of antibodies and probes based on the human sequence in the lamprey also provides evidence that the PTHrP molecule may have been conserved from lampreys through to humans.

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Acknowledgements

JAD is a Senior Research Fellow of the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia. We would like to thank John Youson for his valuable assistance, David Paul (Department of Zoology) for his help with photomicrography and preparation of the figures and Daphne Hards (St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research) for the help with histology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia

    Melanie K. Trivett, T. John Martin & Janine A. Danks

  2. Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia

    Melanie K. Trivett & David L. Macmillan

  3. School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia

    Ian C. Potter & Glenn Power

  4. Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia

    Hong Zhou

  5. Department of Medicine, Austin Health/Northern Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia

    Janine A. Danks

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  1. Melanie K. Trivett
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  2. Ian C. Potter
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  3. Glenn Power
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  4. Hong Zhou
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  6. T. John Martin
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  7. Janine A. Danks
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Correspondence to Janine A. Danks.

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Communicated by M. Hammerschmidt

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Trivett, M.K., Potter, I.C., Power, G. et al. Parathyroid hormone-related protein production in the lamprey Geotria australis: developmental and evolutionary perspectives. Dev Genes Evol 215, 553–563 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00427-005-0015-x

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