Abstract
Branchial chambers constitute the main osmoregulatory site in almost all decapod crustaceans. However, few studies have been devoted to elucidate the cellular function of specific cells in every osmoregulatory structure of the branchial chambers. In decapod crustaceans, it is well-known that the osmoregulatory function is localized in specific structures that progressively specialize from early developmental stages while specific molecular mechanisms occur. In this study, we found that although the structures developed progressively during the larval and postlarval stages, before reaching juvenile or adult morphology, the osmoregulatory capabilities of Litopenaeus vannamei were gradually established only during the development of branchiostegites and epipodites, but not gills. The cellular structures of the branchial chambers observed during the larval phase do not present the typical ultrastructure of ionocytes, neither Na+/K+-ATPase expression, likely indicating that pleura, branchiostegites, or bud gills do not participate in osmoregulation. During early postlarval stages, the lack of Na+/K+-ATPase immunoreactivity of the ionocytes from the branchiostegites and epipodites suggests that they are immature ionocytes (ionocytes type I). It could be inferred from IIF and TEM results that epipodites and branchiostegites are involved in iono-osmoregulation from PL15, while gills and pleura do not participate in this function.
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Acknowledgements
We wish to thank the Laboratory of Histology of the Sciences Faculty and Laboratory of Macroalgae of Institute of Oceanographic Research at Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexico. We appreciate the support of Dr. Rosa Mouriño from the Department of Microbiology, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Mexico, for the facilities to use the epifluorescence microscope. Thanks also due to the National Laboratory of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research (LINAN) from the Institute for Scientific and Technological Research of San Luis Potosi (IPICyT), Mexico, for the facilities to use the transmission electron microscopy and to Araceli Patrón from Molecular Biology Division-LINAN-IPICYT for the SEM and TEM morphology characterizations. Finally, we are very thankful to the staff of AQUAPACIFIC company for their invaluable support to obtain each developmental stage of L. vannamei for this investigation.
Funding
This project was funded by CONACyT—Ciencia básica I0110/194/09 allocated to IGM and a PhD grant 184694 to JCR.
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Chong-Robles, J., Giffard-Mena, I., Patrón-Soberano, A. et al. Ontogenetical development of branchial chambers of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) and their involvement in osmoregulation: ionocytes and Na+/K+-ATPase. Cell Tissue Res 390, 385–398 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-022-03675-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-022-03675-0