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A New single switch DC-DC converter for PEM fuel cell-based electric vehicle system with an improved beta-fuzzy logic MPPT controller

  • Fuzzy systems and their mathematics
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Abstract

The fuel cell-based electric power generation system is playing a major role in the present electrical power distribution system. The fuel cell gives a nonlinear V-I curve. As a result, the extraction of fuel cell power is very difficult. To extract the peak power of the fuel cell, a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique is used. In this work, an Improved Beta-based Fuzzy Logic Controller (IBeta-FLC) is proposed to track the MPP with high speed. The proposed MPPT technique is compared with other hybrid MPPT techniques in terms of maximum power extraction, settling time, oscillations across MPP, tracking speed, and efficiency. The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) stack gives high output current, and low output voltage. As a result, the overall system conduction losses are improved. So, in this work, a new Single Switch Universal Input-voltage Boost Converter (SSUIBC) is introduced to step-up the fuel cell output voltage. The features of the proposed boost converter are high voltage gain, less complexity in design, wide output operation, and less voltage stress across the switch. The proposed PEMFC fed boost converter system performance is evaluated successfully by using a MATLAB/Simulink window. In addition, the utilized boost converter is investigated experimentally by using an external DC-source.

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Data availability

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this work are available within the article.

Abbreviations

SSUIBC:

Single Switch Universal Input-voltage Boost Converter

IR:

Incremental Resistance

V FC :

Voltage of PEMFC stack

I FC :

Current of PEMFC stack

IHC-FLC:

Improved Hill Climb-based Fuzzy Logic Controller

VSS-P&O:

Variable Step Size Perturb & Observe

ZVS:

Zero Voltage Switching

IDD:

Interleaved Dual Diode

CCM:

Continuous Conduction Mode of Operation

DCM:

Discontinuous Conduction Mode of Operation

V Ohmic :

Ohmic region voltage of PEMFC

V Active :

Active region voltage of PEMFC

V Concen :

Concentrated region voltage of PEMFC

T FCop :

PEMFC operating voltage

\({P}_{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}}\) :

Hydrogen partial pressure

\({\mathrm{O}}_{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}}\) :

Oxygen partial pressure

RHAno :

Humidity vapor at anode of PEMFC

RHCat :

Humidity vapor at cathode of PEMFC

PAno :

Inlet pressure of anode in PEMFC

PCat :

Inlet pressure of cathode in PEMFC

\({\mathrm{P}}_{{\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{o}}^{\mathrm{Sat}}\) :

Saturation pressure of water vapor

J = I cell/A:

Variation of fuel cell current with respect to its area

R ef :

Specific resistivity of electrolyte

\({X}_{1}^{(1)}={{V}}_{\mathrm{FC}}\) :

Input layer first node input

\({X}_{2}^{(1)}={{I}}_{\mathrm{FC}}\) :

Input layer second node input

\({\mathrm{net}}_{P}^{(1)}\) :

Input layer net input

\({Y}_{P}^{\left(1\right)}(k)\) :

Input layer output

\({\mathrm{net}}_{q}^{(1)}\) :

Second layer net input

\({Y}_{q}^{\left(1\right)}(k)\) :

Second layer output

\({\Sigma }_{\mathrm{q}}\) :

Gaussian membership function mean

\({\mu }_{q}\) :

Standard mean value

\({\mathrm{net}}_{r}^{(3)}\) :

Output layer output node net input

\({Y}_{q}^{\left(1\right)}(k)\) :

Output layer output node output

W:

Weight connected between two neurons

S P :

Slope of the V-I curve

S T_new :

New step size value of FLC- VSSIC

S T_old :

Previous step size value of FLC- VSSIC

V Lx, V Ly and V Lz :

SSUIBC Inductor voltages

D(k-1), and D(k) :

Variation of duty values

V Cx, V Cy and V Ca :

Capacitor voltages of SSUIBC

I Lx, I Ly, and I Lz :

Inductor currents of SSUIBC

V Dx, V Dy, V Dz :

Diode voltages of boost converter

GainCCM :

Gain of SSUIBC under CCM

GainDCM :

Gain of SSUIBC under DCM

error:

Resultant signal of RBFN controller

V D /V 0 :

Diode voltage stress of converter

V Q /V 0 :

MOSFET voltage stress of converter

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. K.S.R.M. College of Engineering (Autonomous), Kadapa, AP, India

    C. H. Hussaian Basha

  2. School of Electrical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore, India

    C. Rani

Authors
  1. C. H. Hussaian Basha
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  2. C. Rani
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Correspondence to C. H. Hussaian Basha.

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Basha, C.H.H., Rani, C. A New single switch DC-DC converter for PEM fuel cell-based electric vehicle system with an improved beta-fuzzy logic MPPT controller. Soft Comput 26, 6021–6040 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-07049-0

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