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Host cell tropism of equine herpesviruses: glycoprotein D of EHV-1 enables EHV-4 to infect a non-permissive cell line

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Summary

Equine herpesviruses 1 and 4 (EHV-1 and EHV-4) cause equine respiratory disease worldwide. However, only EHV-1 is a cause of abortion and neurological disease, despite the two viruses having all 76 genes in common. In addition EHV-1 has a broader host range in cell culture than EHV-4, as exemplified by the rabbit kidney (RK) cell line that is permissive for EHV-1, but not for EHV-4. Here we describe that when EHV-4 produced in equine cells was inoculated onto RK cells expressing glycoprotein D of EHV-1 (RKgD1), infection developed as clusters of rounded cells, and this infectivity could be passaged in RKgD1 cells. The progeny virus could also infect single RK cells, consistent with EHV-4 acquiring EHV1 gD from the complementing cell line. No such infection was observed for EHV-4 in RK cells expressing EHV-1 glycoprotein C. The results are consistent with gD homologues being major determinants of host cell tropism and raise the possibility that gD may be a factor in the differential pathogenicity of EHV-1 and EHV-4.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia

    J. M. Whalley, K. M. Ruitenberg, K. Sullivan, L. Seshadri, K. Hansen & J. E. Wellington

  2. Equine Infectious Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Vic., Australia

    J. R. Gilkerson

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia

    D. Birch

Authors
  1. J. M. Whalley
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  2. K. M. Ruitenberg
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  3. K. Sullivan
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  4. L. Seshadri
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  5. K. Hansen
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  6. D. Birch
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  7. J. R. Gilkerson
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  8. J. E. Wellington
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Whalley, J., Ruitenberg, K., Sullivan, K. et al. Host cell tropism of equine herpesviruses: glycoprotein D of EHV-1 enables EHV-4 to infect a non-permissive cell line. Arch Virol 152, 717–725 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-006-0885-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-006-0885-x

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