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Influence of pH on osteoclasts treated with zoledronate and alendronate

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Abstract

Objectives

The objectives of this study were to analyze the effect of pH on the growth and activity of osteoclasts treated with different doses of two nitrogen-containing BPs, zoledronate and alendronate.

Materials and Methods

Murine osteoclasts cultured on dentine disks were treated with zoledronate (50 or 500 nM) or alendronate (500 or 5 μM) at two different pH values (7.4 or 7.0). Osteoclasts were counted with transmitted light microscopy, apoptosis/necrosis was studied with flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, and resorption pit number and depth were calculated using reflected light and scanning electron microscopy.

Results

The osteoclast count on dentine disks was significantly (p < 0.001) reduced by zoledronate or alendronate treatment at pH 7.0 in comparison to treatment with the same doses at pH 7.4 and untreated disks (controls). The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly increased by treatment with 500 nM zoledronate or 5 μM alendronate at pH 7.0 in comparison to the same doses at pH 7.4. The number and depth of resorption pits were significantly lower in disks treated at each BP dose studied than in untreated controls at pH 7.0.

Conclusions

Zoledronate and alendronate at therapeutic doses have an adverse effect on the viability and resorptive activity of osteoclasts when the local medium pH is reduced.

Clinical relevance

These findings suggest that periodontal or peri-implant oral cavity infection may be a key trigger of the cascade of events that lead to BRONJ.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Mark Turmaine for assistance with scanning electron micrographs.

Funding

This study was supported by research group BIO277 (Junta de Andalucía).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

    Francisco Javier Manzano-Moreno

  2. Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain

    Javier Ramos-Torrecillas, Elvira de Luna-Bertos, Rebeca Illescas-Montes, Concepción Ruiz & Olga García-Martínez

  3. Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. De la Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain

    Javier Ramos-Torrecillas, Elvira de Luna-Bertos, Concepción Ruiz & Olga García-Martínez

  4. Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain

    Rebeca Illescas-Montes

  5. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Bloomsbury, London, UK

    Timothy R. Arnett

  6. Institute of Neuroscience, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla (Granada), University of Granada, Granada, Spain

    Concepción Ruiz

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  1. Francisco Javier Manzano-Moreno
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Correspondence to Concepción Ruiz.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in this study involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the ethical committee of the University of Granada.

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Manzano-Moreno, F.J., Ramos-Torrecillas, J., de Luna-Bertos, E. et al. Influence of pH on osteoclasts treated with zoledronate and alendronate. Clin Oral Invest 23, 813–820 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2505-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2505-z

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