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Novel non-resorbable polymeric-nanostructured scaffolds for guided bone regeneration

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Clinical Oral Investigations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone-regeneration efficiency of novel polymeric nanostructured membranes and the effect of zinc, calcium, titanium, and bone morpho-protein loading on membranes, through an in vivo rabbit model.

Material and methods

Nanostructured membranes of methylmethacrylate were loaded with zinc, calcium, TiO2 nanoparticles, and bone-morphogenetic protein (BMP). These membranes covered the bone defects prepared on the skulls of six rabbits. Animals were sacrificed 6 weeks after surgery. Micro computed tomography was used to evaluate bone architecture through BoneJ pluging and ImageJ script. Three histological processing of samples, including von Kossa silver nitrate, toluidine blue, and fluorescence by the deposition of calcein were utilized.

Results

Zn-membranes (Zn-Ms) promoted the highest amount of new bone and higher bone perimeter than both unloaded and Ti-membranes (Ti-Ms). Ca-membranes (Ca-Ms) attained higher osteoid perimeter and bone perimeter than Zn-Ms. The skeleton analysis showed that Zn-Ms produced more branches and junctions at the trabecular bone than BMP-loaded membranes (BMP-Ms). Samples treated with Ti-Ms showed less bone formation and bony bridging processes. Both Zn-Ms and Ca-Ms achieved higher number of osteoblasts than the control group. BMP-Ms and Ca-Ms originated higher number of blood vessels than Ti-Ms and control group.

Conclusions

Zn incorporation in novel nanostructured membranes provided the highest regenerative efficiency for bone healing at the rabbit calvarial defects.

Clinical relevance

Zn-Ms promoted osteogenesis and enhanced biological activity, as mineralized and osteoid new bone with multiple interconnected ossified trabeculae appeared in close contact with the membrane.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the technical support of Álvaro Carrasco-Carmona for the manuscript edition.

Data availability statement

The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time as the data also forms part of an ongoing study.

Funding

Project MAT2017-85999-P MINECO/AEI/FEDER/UE supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and European Regional Development Fund (FEDER).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dental School, Colegio Máximo, Research Institute IBS, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18017, Granada, Spain

    Manuel Toledano, Manuel Toledano-Osorio, Juan I. Rosales-Leal & Raquel Osorio

  2. Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Surgery Section, University of Sevilla, Avicena s/n, 41009, Sevilla, Spain

    José L. Gutierrez-Pérez, Aida Gutierrez-Corrales, María A. Serrera-Figallo & Daniel Torres-Lagares

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Biopathology and Medicine Regenerative Institute (IBIMER, CIBM), University of Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, 18016, Granada, Spain

    Mariano Aguilar

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  1. Manuel Toledano
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Correspondence to Raquel Osorio.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The experiment was developed in accordance with the guidelines of the US National Institute of Health (NIH for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals) and European Directive 86/609/EEC regarding the care and use of animals for experimentation. The study also complied with the European Directive 2010/63/EU about the protection of animals used for scientific purposes and with all local laws and regulations. Animals were adequately housed; food and water were provided daily ad libitum with rabbit-maintenance Harlan-Teckland Lab Animal Diets (2030). The researchers obtained the approval of the Ethics Committee of the Institution (CCMI-Ref 028/16).

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Toledano, M., Gutierrez-Pérez, J.L., Gutierrez-Corrales, A. et al. Novel non-resorbable polymeric-nanostructured scaffolds for guided bone regeneration. Clin Oral Invest 24, 2037–2049 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03068-8

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