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The combined treatment of fiber post and root canal by the Er:YAG laser enhances the bond strength of composite reconstruction

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Abstract

Fiber post bonding failure remains an issue during crown restoration procedures. This experiment examines the bonding effect of combined Er:YAG laser treatment on both root canal and fiber post. Sixty extracted mandibular first premolars were randomly selected and divided into 6 groups (n = 10 per group): G1 (control group): root canal with 2.5% NaClO treatment, no treatment of fiber post; G2: root canal with 2.5% NaClO treatment and fiber post with airborne-particle abrasion; G3: root canal with Er:YAG laser treatment and fiber post with airborne-particle abrasion; G4: root canal with Er:YAG laser treatment, no treatment of fiber post; G5: root canal with 2.5% NaClO treatment, fiber post with Er:YAG laser irradiation; G6: combined Er:YAG laser irradiation of both root canal and fiber post. An Er:YAG laser with a wavelength of 2940 nm was used to treat the fiber post (4.5 W, 450 mJ, 10 Hz for 60 s at 100-μs pulse duration with 100% water cooling) and the root canal (1.5 W, 150 mJ, 10 Hz for 60 s at 100-μs pulse duration with 100% water cooling). When the root canal was treated with the laser, the fiber tip was inserted into the root canal to make a spiral reciprocating motion. Bond strength was analyzed by a micro push-out test. Data were analyzed using both the Tukey test and two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). Failure modes were observed and counted through a stereo microscope. The root canal and fiber post surface analysis was performed using SEM. The bond strength of G3 and G6 were significantly enhanced compared to those of the other groups (p < 0.05). The SEM analysis showed that the smear layers of groups with root canals subjected to Er:YAG laser irradiation were significantly reduced compared to those of the control group (G1). In groups with fiber posts treated with Er:YAG laser irradiation, the surfaces of the fiber posts exhibited greater surface roughness and a certain degree of epoxy matrix removal. Through the combined Er:YAG laser irradiation of both root canal and fiber post, the bond strength between them was significantly enhanced, which was superior to the individual treatment of either fiber posts or root canal.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available due to reasons of privacy and are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81701016, 81870810, and 31700827), Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department (Y201533871), Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Project for Public Welfare (No. LGF20H140002), Zhejiang Provincial Medical and Health Science and Technology Project (2020KY657), the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory Of Oral Diseases (Grant No. SKLOD2020OF04), and Wenzhou Public Welfare Science and Technology Project (Y20160142 and Y20190099).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, 268#, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, , Wenzhou City, 325027, Zhejiang Province, China

    Zhennan Deng, Zhuo Huang, Wenjia Hu, Kendrick Hii Ru Yie, Chongxing Liu & Jinsong Liu

  2. Department of Stomatology, Jiaxing Hospital of T.C.M, Jiaxing, 314000, China

    Linchao Ping

  3. College of Stomatology, Ningxia Medical University, 804#, Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City, 750004, Ningxia Province, China

    Hualin Zhang

  4. General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China

    Hualin Zhang

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  1. Zhennan Deng
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  2. Zhuo Huang
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Contributions

Zhennan Deng, Linchao Ping, and Zhuo Huang were responsible for the study design, data interpretation, and financial support and were involved in the compilation of the manuscript. Zhuo Huang is responsible for the manuscript submission and revision. Wenjia Hu made important contributions to literature retrieval and data collection. Kendrick Hii Ru Yie and Chongxing Liu conducted statistical analysis. Hualin Zhang and Jinsong Liu were mainly responsible for guiding the experiment process and putting forward opinions and suggestions. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hualin Zhang or Jinsong Liu.

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This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Stomatological Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (WYKQ2019002).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Zhennan Deng and Zhuo Huang are co-first authors and contributed equally to this work.

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Deng, Z., Huang, Z., Ping, L. et al. The combined treatment of fiber post and root canal by the Er:YAG laser enhances the bond strength of composite reconstruction. Lasers Med Sci 38, 146 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-023-03800-7

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