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Improvement in the chemical structure and biological activity of surface titanium after exposure to UVC light

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Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has been proposed as a method to reverse the aging process of titanium. However, the intensity, exposure time and wavelength that provide the best results have not yet been determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of photocatalysis by ultraviolet C light on the time-dependent aging of titanium and to analyze the irradiated titanium for changes in structure and in vitro biological activity, with regard to different exposure times. A titanium photofunctionalization device was developed with characteristics different from those on the market. The sample was composed of titanium disks irradiated for different times of exposure to ultraviolet C light (0, 15, 30 and 60 min). The disks were tested for surface wettability (water contact angle), topography (scanning electron microscopy—SEM) and chemical composition (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), and effects on cell adhesion (cell culture and SEM) and cell viability by sulforhodamine B (SRB). Ultraviolet C treatment caused changes in titanium surface characteristics, such as increased wettability and removal of hydrocarbons from the surface after 15 min of exposure in the chamber developed. The biological characteristics of the material also appear to have changed, with improved cell adhesion and viability. Photofunctionalization of titanium proved to be effective for the treatment of aged surfaces, with significant modifications in the surface chemical structure and biological activity of the material.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by funding from Fund of Research and Events (FIPE) of the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA). Thanks are due to the Center of Basic Research in Dentistry (NPBO) UFRGS for the availability of physical resources, for cell culture performed in this research; to the Laboratory of Dental Materials (LAMAD) UFRGS for the availability of resources for analysis of wettability; to the Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNEPEM-Campinas), nanotechnology laboratory for the availability of resources for the XPS analyses of this work; to the Center of Microscopy and Microanalysis (CMM) UFRGS for the execution of the analyses of scanning electron microscopy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Dentistry College, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil

    Viviane Neves Pacheco, Josué Nolde, Alexandre Silva de Quevedo & Deise Ponzoni

  2. Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dentistry College, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil

    Fernanda Visioli

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  1. Viviane Neves Pacheco
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  2. Josué Nolde
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Correspondence to Viviane Neves Pacheco.

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Pacheco, V.N., Nolde, J., de Quevedo, A.S. et al. Improvement in the chemical structure and biological activity of surface titanium after exposure to UVC light. Odontology 109, 271–278 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-020-00540-w

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