Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Modeling and assessment of combined GPS/GLONASS precise point positioning

  • Original Article
  • Published:
GPS Solutions Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A combination of GPS and GLONASS observations can offer improved reliability, availability and accuracy for precise point positioning (PPP). We present and analyze a combined GPS/GLONASS PPP model, including both functional and stochastic components. Numerical comparison and analysis are conducted with respect to PPP based on only GPS or GLONASS observations to demonstrate the benefits of the combined GPS/GLONASS PPP. The observation residuals are analyzed for more appropriate stochastic modeling for observations from different navigation systems. An analysis is also made using different precise orbit and clock products. The performance of the combined GPS/GLONASS PPP is assessed using both static and kinematic data. The results indicate that the convergence time can be significantly reduced with the addition of GLONASS data. The positioning accuracy, however, is not significantly improved by adding GLONASS data if there is a sufficient number of GPS satellites with good geometry.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Axelrad P, Brown RG (1996) GPS navigation algorithms. In: Parkinson BW, Spilker JJ (eds) Global positioning system: theory and applications. Progress in astronautics and aeronautics, vol. 163, Chapter 9. American Institute of Astronautics and Aeronautics, pp 409–433

  • Brown RG, Hwang PY (1997) Introduction to random signals and applied Kalman filtering, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Cai C, Gao Y (2007) Performance analysis of precise point positioning based on combined GPS and GLONASS. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2007, Sept 25–28, Fort Worth, TX, pp 858–865

  • Cai C, Gao Y (2008) Estimation of GPS/GLONASS system time difference with application to PPP. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2008, Sept 16–19, Savannah, GA, pp 2880–2887

  • Cao W, Hauschild A, Steigenberger P, Langley RB, Urquhart L, Santos M, Montenbruck O (2010) Performance evaluation of integrated GPS/GIOVE precise point positioning. Proceedings of ION NTM 2010, Jan 25–27, San Diego, CA, pp 540–552

  • Dach R, Brockmann E, Schaer S, Beutler G, Meindl M, Prange L, Bock H, Jäggi A, Ostini L (2009) GNSS processing at CODE: status report. J Geod 83:353–365. doi:10.1007/s00190-008-0281-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dai L, Hatch R (2011) Integrated StarFire GPS with GLONASS for real-time precise navigation and positioning. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2011, Sept 19–23, Portland, OR, pp 1476–1485

  • Davis JL, Herring TA, Shapiro II, Rogers AEE, Elgered G (1985) Geodesy by radio interferometry: effects of atmospheric modeling errors on estimates of baseline length. Radio Sci 20(6):1593–1607. doi:10.1029/RS020i006p01593

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Defraigne P, Baire Q (2011) Combining GPS and GLONASS for time and frequency transfer. Adv Space Res 47(2):265–275. doi:10.1016/j.asr.2010.07.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dodson AH, Shardlow PJ, Hubbard LCM, Elgered G, Jarlemark POJ (1996) Wet tropospheric effects on precise relative GPS height determination. J Geod 70(4):188–202. doi:10.1007/BF00873700

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hesselbarth A, Wanninger L (2008) Short-term stability of GNSS satellite clocks and its effects on precise point positioning. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2008, Sept 16–19, Savannah, GA, pp 1855–1863

  • Kozlov D, Tkachenko M, Tochilin A (2000) Statistical characterization of hardware biases in GPS + GLONASS receivers. Proceedings of ION GPS 2000, Sept 19–22, Salt Lake City, UT, pp 817–826

  • Melgard T, Vigen E, Jong KD, Lapucha D, Visser H, Oerpen O (2009) G2-the first real-time GPS and GLONASS precise orbit and clock service. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2009, Sept 22–25, Savannah, GA, pp 1885–1891

  • Niell AE (1996) Global mapping functions for the atmosphere delay at radio wavelengths. J Geophys Res 101(B2):3227–3246. doi:10.1029/95JB03048

    Google Scholar 

  • Oleynik EG, Mitrikas VV, Revnivykh SG, Serdukov AI, Dutov EN, Shiriaev VF (2006) High-accurate GLONASS orbit and clock determination for the assessment of system performance. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2006, Sept 26–29, Fort Worth, TX, pp 2065–2079

  • Píriz R, Calle D, Mozo A, Navarro P, Rodríguez D, Tobías G (2009) Orbits and clocks for GLONASS precise-point-positioning. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2009, Sept 22–25, Savannah, GA, pp 2415–2424

  • Pratt M, Burke B, Misra P (1998) Single-epoch integer ambiguity resolution with GPS-GLONASS L1-L2 data. Proceedings of ION GPS-98, Sept 15–18, Nashville, TN, pp 389–398

  • Rocken C, Mervart L, Johnson J, Lukes Z, Springer T, Iwabuchi T, Cummins S, Toor P, Arciuch M, Shi X (2011) A new real-time global GPS and GLONASS precise positioning correction service: Apex. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2011, Sept 19–23, Portland, OR, pp 1825–1838

  • Wanninger L (2011) Carrier-phase inter-frequency biases of GLONASS receivers. J Geod. doi:10.1007/s00190-011-0502-y

  • Wanninger L, Wallstab-Freitag S (2007) Combined processing of GPS, GLONASS, and SBAS code phase and carrier phase measurements. Proceedings of ION GNSS 2007, Sept 25–28, Fort Worth, TX, pp 866–875

  • Weber R, Slater JA, Fragner E, Glotov V, Habrich H, Romero I, Schaer S (2005) Precise GLONASS orbit determination within the IGS/IGLOS pilot project. Adv Space Res 36(3):369–375. doi:10.1016/j.asr.2005.08.051

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The financial support from NSFC (National Natural Science Foundation of China, No: 41004011) is greatly appreciated. Contribution of data from IGS, IAC and ESA/ESOC is also appreciated.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Changsheng Cai

  2. School of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, China

    Yang Gao

  3. Department of Geomatics Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada

    Yang Gao

Authors
  1. Changsheng Cai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yang Gao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yang Gao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Cai, C., Gao, Y. Modeling and assessment of combined GPS/GLONASS precise point positioning. GPS Solut 17, 223–236 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-012-0273-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-012-0273-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation