Abstract
The use of a microfluidic device in determining the extraction kinetics of CoII ions by di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA) was demonstrated. Experimental data obtained using a Y-Y-shaped microchannel were modelled using a finite volume method. The contributions of diffusion and reaction transport resistances to the overall rate of mass transfer were obtained. A diffusion-controlled transfer assumption could not account for the experimental data, confirming that transport occurs under a mixed reaction–diffusion resistance regime. The reaction rate constant was determined to be \((2.4 \pm 0.6) \times 10^{-10}\) m/s, in good agreement with corresponding Lewis cell measurements from the literature.
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Abbreviations
- A :
-
Kinetic rate constant (m/s)
- Bo :
-
Bond number (\({Bo} = \Updelta \rho g D_{\rm h} ^2/\gamma \))
- c :
-
Local species concentration (mM)
- \({\fancyscript{D}} \) :
-
Diffusivity (m2/s)
- \(D_{\rm h}\) :
-
Hydraulic diameter of microchannel half-volume (m)
- F :
-
Volumetric flow rate (m3/s)
- g :
-
Gravitational acceleration (m/s2)
- I :
-
Total initial ionic strength (mM)
- k 1, k −1, k 2 :
-
Interfacial reaction rate constants (m/s)
- k f, k b :
-
Forwards/backwards reaction rate constant
- K 2 :
-
Dimerisation constant \(([(\text{HL})_2]_{\rm org}/[\text{HL}]^2_{\rm org})\) (mM−1)
- K d :
-
Distribution constant (\([\text{HL}]_{\rm org}/[\text{HL}]_{\rm aq}\))
- K eq :
-
Equilibrium constant
- MAPEexp :
-
Mean Absolute Percentage Error (experimental reference)
- R :
-
Extraction rate per unit area (mol/m2 s)
- RSS:
-
Residual sum of squares (mM2)
- u :
-
Fluid velocity (m/s)
- V N :
-
Molar volume of solute at normal boiling point (m3/kmol)
- x, y, z :
-
Cartesian coordinates (m)
- γ:
-
Interfacial tension (N/m)
- ε:
-
Molar absorptivity (M−1 cm−1)
- ρ:
-
Fluid density (kg/m3)
- μ:
-
Dynamic viscosity (Pa s)
- ν:
-
Stoichiometric coefficient
- 0:
-
Initial
- aq:
-
Aqueous phase
- exp:
-
Experiment
- i :
-
ith phase
- int:
-
Interface
- j :
-
jth species
- org:
-
Organic phase
- sim:
-
Simulation
- Ac− :
-
Acetate
- AcH:
-
Acetic acid
- CFD:
-
Computational fluid dynamics
- DEHPA:
-
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid
- DHBA:
-
2,2′-Dihydroazobenzene
- HL:
-
Condensed notation for DEHPA
- (HL)2 :
-
Condensed notation for the dimeric form of DEHPA
- HTCO:
-
1,4,7,10,13,16-Hexathiacyclooctadecane
- Kelex 100:
-
7-(4-Ethyl-1-methyloctyl)-8-hydroxyquinoline
- L− :
-
Condensed notation for the deprotonated form of DEHPA
- LIX 84:
-
2-Hydroxy-5-nonylacetophenone oxime
- MAPE:
-
Mean Absolute Percentage Error
- MTWCR:
-
Mass Transfer With Chemical Reaction
- PC-88A:
-
2-Ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono 2-ethylhexyl ester
- TBP:
-
Tri-n-butylphosphate
- SX:
-
Solvent extraction
- μSX:
-
Microfluidic solvent extraction
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Support from the Australian Research Council and the Particulate Fluids Processing Centre is gratefully acknowledged.
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Ciceri, D., Mason, L.R., Harvie, D.J.E. et al. Modelling of interfacial mass transfer in microfluidic solvent extraction: part II. Heterogeneous transport with chemical reaction. Microfluid Nanofluid 14, 213–224 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10404-012-1039-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10404-012-1039-y