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Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Behaviour of Environmentally Friendly Hybrid Basalt Fibre Reinforced Composites

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Abstract

Polysiloxane thermosets are among the most important materials prepared via sol–gel chemistry. In this work, selected solvent-free polysiloxane resins were investigated in terms of their application potential as environmentally friendly precursors of partially pyrolyzed composites with a hybrid polysiloxane/SiOC matrix reinforced with basalt fibres. Based on previous research, the solvent-free SiH/vinyl-functional resin was selected as a promising composite matrix precursor. In this work, the influence of pyrolysis temperature on the behaviour of new 1D hybrid composite materials was investigated. The microstructure of the composite and fibre-matrix bonding vary on their final pyrolysis temperature, which ranged from 420 °C to 750 °C. Similarly, a set of composites was prepared by the same technology using a conventional methylsiloxane resin containing 50% of solvent for comparison. Dimensional and mass changes were investigated during the pyrolysis process. The effect of microstructure development on the mechanical properties of the matrix and composite reinforced with the basalt fibres was determined. Maximum mechanical resistance was obtained for the composite pyrolyzed at 600 °C. The flexural strength of this hybrid composite reached the level of 650 MPa. The selected solvent-free SiH/vinyl-functional methyl-phenyl-siloxane resin was shown to give the prepared composites a high-temperature resistance above 600 °C. No significant difference in comparison with conventional precursor was observed during heat resistance experiments. The newly developed hybrid composite is, therefore, an environmentally friendly alternative for heat and fire-resistant applications.

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Availability of Data

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Czech Science Foundation under the project GAP 17-12546S and by the Operational Program Integrated Infrastructure 2014–2020 of the project: Innovative Solutions for Propulsion, Power and Safety Components of Transport Vehicles, code ITMS 313011V334, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physics of Materials CAS, v. v. i., Brno, Czech Republic

    Zdeněk Chlup

  2. Research Centre UNIZA, University of Žilina, Žilina, Slovakia

    Zdeněk Chlup, Libor Trško & Branislav Hadzima

  3. Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic

    Martin Černý, Šárka Rýglová, Jana Schweigstillová & Jaroslava Svítilová

  4. Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic

    Adam Strachota

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  1. Zdeněk Chlup
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Chlup, Z., Černý, M., Strachota, A. et al. Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Behaviour of Environmentally Friendly Hybrid Basalt Fibre Reinforced Composites. Appl Compos Mater 29, 829–843 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09990-z

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