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Efficacy of carbon dioxide treatments for the control of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, and treatment impact on plant seedlings

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Abstract

To develop a new control method for the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae, we investigated the effect of controlled atmospheres of carbon dioxide (CO2) on TSSM mortality under different concentrations and treatment periods, and evaluated the impact of treatments on seedlings of five host plants of TSSM. Egg hatching rate of TSSM was reduced to 37.7, 5.4 or 0% after 24 h treatment involving concentrations of 16.7, 33.3 or 50%, respectively. Mobile stages (nymphs and adult) of TSSM were completely controlled after 24 h treatment at concentrations higher than 33.3%. After 4 h at concentrations of 33.3 or 50%, 1st-day survival rate for all mobile stages was 45.3 or 36.0%, respectively, whereas after 8 or 16 h treatments, all values were decreased to zero. Seedlings of four major host plants of TSSM (cucumber, eggplant, rape, green peppers) were damaged to varying degrees after 24 h at the three concentrations, but strawberry, another host plant, was not damaged. Cucumber suffered the most serious damage, resulting in wilting and death. In conclusion, controlled atmospheres of CO2 can kill TSSM, particularly at high concentrations and with long treatment times. It can be used to control TSSM on strawberry, but should be used cautiously on other host plants.

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Acknowledgements

The research was funded by the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project (D171100001617002), Innovative Team of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (JNKYT201605) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Pest Management on Northern Fruits (BZ0432).

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  1. Ya-Jun Gong and Li-Jun Cao have contributed equally to the manuscript.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 9 Shuguanghuayuan Middle Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097, China

    Ya-Jun Gong, Li-Jun Cao, Ze-Hua Wang, Xiao-Yi Zhou, Jin-Cui Chen & Shu-Jun Wei

  2. School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia

    Ary Anthony Hoffmann

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  1. Ya-Jun Gong
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  2. Li-Jun Cao
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Correspondence to Shu-Jun Wei.

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Gong, YJ., Cao, LJ., Wang, ZH. et al. Efficacy of carbon dioxide treatments for the control of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, and treatment impact on plant seedlings. Exp Appl Acarol 75, 143–153 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-018-0251-1

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