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Enhancing health span: muscle stem cells and hormesis

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Abstract

Sarcopenia is a significant public health and medical concern confronting the elderly. Considerable research is being directed to identify ways in which the onset and severity of sarcopenia may be delayed/minimized. This paper provides a detailed identification and assessment of hormetic dose responses in animal model muscle stem cells, with particular emphasis on cell proliferation, differentiation, and enhancing resilience to inflammatory stresses and how this information may be useful in preventing sarcopenia. Hormetic dose responses were observed following administration of a broad range of agents, including dietary supplements (e.g., resveratrol), pharmaceuticals (e.g., dexamethasone), endogenous ligands (e.g., tumor necrosis factor α), environmental contaminants (e.g., cadmium) and physical agents (e.g., low level laser). The paper assesses both putative mechanisms of hormetic responses in muscle stem cells, and potential therapeutic implications and application(s) of hormetic frameworks for slowing muscle loss and reduced functionality during the aging process.

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Fig. 1

Modified from: Calabrese and Baldwin (1998)

Fig. 2

Modified from: Chen et al. (2019) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 3

Modified from: Hosseini et al. (2016) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 4

Modified from Wang et al. (2016a) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 5

Modified from: Bosutti and Degens (2015) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 6

Modified from: Wang et al. (2016b) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 7

Modified from: Orzechowski et al. (2002b) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 8

Modified from: Orzechowski et al. (2002b) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 9

Modified from: Orzechowski et al. (2002b) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 10

Modified from: Orzechowski et al. (2002b) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 11

Modified from: Caporossi et al. (2003)

Fig. 12

Modified from: Soltow et al. (2010) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 13

Modified from: Chen et al. (2007) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 14

Modified from: Glass et al. (2011) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 15

Modified from: Glass et al. (2011) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 16

Modified from: Xu et al. (2008) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 17

Modified from: Salgarella et al. (2017) *P ≤ 0.05

Fig. 18

Modified from: Yano and Marcondes (2005) *P ≤ 0.05

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Acknowledgements

EJC acknowledges longtime support from the US Air Force (AFOSR FA9550-19-1-0413) and ExxonMobil Foundation (S18200000000256). The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute for governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the author and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing policies or endorsement, either expressed or implied. Sponsors had no involvement in study design, collection, analysis, interpretation, writing and decision to and where to submit for publication consideration.

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  1. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill I, N344, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA

    Edward J. Calabrese

  2. Department of Biomedical & Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 97, 95125, Catania, Italy

    Vittorio Calabrese

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Calabrese, E.J., Calabrese, V. Enhancing health span: muscle stem cells and hormesis. Biogerontology 23, 151–167 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-022-09949-y

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