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Traits and impacts of introduced species: a quantitative review of meta-analyses

  • INVASIVE SPECIES III
  • Review Paper
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Abstract

Despite significant growth in the information on introduced species (NIS), agreement on their comparative fitness and effects on native (NAT) communities is heterogeneous. Hypotheses aimed at explaining their fitness and impacts are as often supported as challenged. In order to investigate whether origin is associated with fitness or impact, we reviewed 72 meta-analyses of trait differences between NAT and NIS, and impacts of NIS on NAT and the environment, covering terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Interpretation of the trends was based on overall meta-analysis conclusions, and on numbers of point estimates (individual effect sizes) within and across studies. Mixed results were found in 44% of the studies. Higher NIS fitness and significant impacts were found in 31%, and 25% concluded that significant outcomes are largely absent. Point estimates showed that non-significant outcomes (57%) are more common than significant ones. Two thirds yield mixed trait differences and impacts, or do not support the concept that NIS are more fit or have negative effects on NAT. When trait differences or impacts are significant, NAT are usually less fit, or are negatively impacted, but this trend is influenced by the fact that most surveys are based on the most damaging invasive species.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Montserrat Vilá, Julia Koricheva, Verónica Ferreira, Mads Thomsen, and Ella McKnight for fruitful discussions and for providing information on various issues associated with the interpretation of the data. The critical comments by two anonymous reviewers were very helpful for improving the original manuscript. This work was partially funded by ANPCYT-PICT 2015-2598 to DB and ANPCYT-PICT 2015-3513 to EMP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Demetrio Boltovskoy & Esteban M. Paolucci

  2. Servicio de Hidrografía Naval, Ministerio de Defensa, and Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Instituto Universitario Naval, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Nancy M. Correa

  3. Great Lakes Center, SUNY Buffalo State, Buffalo, NY, USA

    Lyubov E. Burlakova & Alexander Y. Karatayev

  4. The Evergreen State College, Lab 1, Olympia, WA, 98505, USA

    Erik V. Thuesen

  5. Instituto para el Estudio de la Biodiversidad de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Francisco Sylvester

  6. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Esteban M. Paolucci

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Boltovskoy, D., Correa, N.M., Burlakova, L.E. et al. Traits and impacts of introduced species: a quantitative review of meta-analyses. Hydrobiologia 848, 2225–2258 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04378-9

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