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Sluggish methane discharge and biological traits of benthic invertebrates in Lake Baikal

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Abstract

The biological traits of invertebrates inhabiting freshwater methane seeps are poorly understood. We analysed the relationship between invertebrate abundance and environmental factors such as methane concentration, location of gas hydrates in sediments, sediment composition, and the total number of microorganisms (TNMs), including methanotrophs. The abundance of invertebrates varied greatly (CV 10–136%) across box core samples and stations. No significant differences (P > 0.05) in the abundance of invertebrates were found between stations with sluggish methane discharge, methane concentrations, and gas hydrates located deep in sediments (> 70 cm) and the reference stations. The abundance of meio- and macrobenthic invertebrates reached ~ 130,000 ind. m−2 around gas hydrates ~ 30 cm deep in the sediments. The abundance of nematodes significantly depended on the presence of sulfur bacteria and copepod detritus, while oligochaetes were correlated with the TNMs. Amphipod abundance was dependent on the number of methanotrophic bacteria, while ostracods and copepods showed no dependence on the studied biotic factors. Stable isotope analysis of δ13C and δ15N indicated that oligochaetes and chironomids consumed different proportions of chemosynthetic carbon. Most benthic invertebrates also formed aggregates, possibly enabling the complete utilization of food resources.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the crew of the research vessel “Vereshchagin” for assistance in sample collection. The service of the deep-water manned Mir submersible was organized and financially supported by the funds of the conservation of Lake Baikal and the Metropole Company. The authors are grateful to V. Nischeta and E. Chernyaev, the pilots of the Mir submersible, Dr. N.V. Bazova for providing the video, to Dr. T.A. Sherbakova for translating of the first version of the manuscript into English; Yu.M. Vitushenko, and the SNAS website for English proofreading of the final version of the manuscript. We also acknowledge the valuable comments and suggestions of anonymous reviewers and associate editor Dr. Stefano Amalfitano. The study was carried out within the State Project Nos. 0279-2021-0006 (Samplings, Measurements of the Methane Concentrations, Microbiological Analysis, and Investigation of Invertebrates) and 0279-2021-0010 (Statistical Analysis) (LIN SB RAS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Limnological Institute SB RAS, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia

    Tatiana Ya. Sitnikova, Tatiana V. Naumova, Irina V. Mekhanikova, Alexandra S. Zakharenko, Yuri S. Bukin, Andrey V. Khabuev, Vyacheslav G. Ivanov, Oleg M. Khlystov & Tamara I. Zemskaya

  2. A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Centre of Marine Biology FEB RAS, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia

    Sergey I. Kiyashko

  3. A.P. Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SD RAS, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia

    Gennady V. Kalmychkov

  4. Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea

    Ivana Karanovic

  5. Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia

    Ivana Karanovic

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  1. Tatiana Ya. Sitnikova
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Correspondence to Tatiana Ya. Sitnikova.

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Sitnikova, T.Y., Naumova, T.V., Mekhanikova, I.V. et al. Sluggish methane discharge and biological traits of benthic invertebrates in Lake Baikal. Hydrobiologia 849, 1947–1968 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04837-5

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