Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of carbonate on hydroxyapatite formed from CaHPO4 and Ca4(PO4)2O

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Carbonated hydroxyapatites were formed via reactions in NaHCO3/NaH2PO4 solutions from a mixture of particulate tetracalcium phosphate (TetCP) and anhydrous dicalcium phosphate (DCPA). Reactions were followed by determinations of pH and ion concentrations. The solids formed were analyzed by XRD and FTIR. Rates of heat evolution were established by isothermal calorimetry. Reactions in the absence of NaH2PO4 did not reach completion within 24 h. Constitution of reactants to achieve a DCPA-to-NaHCO3 ratio of 1, in conjunction with the presence of NaH2PO4 as a buffer, was found to be optimal for formation of apatite with no remaining reactant. The amount of carbonate incorporated in this apatite was 4–5 wt%. Calorimetry indicated the reaction mechanism to depend on the bicarbonate concentration in solution. The presence of NaH2PO4 was found to increase the reaction rate but decrease the extent of carbonate uptake.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. LeGeros RZ. Calcium phosphates in oral biology and medicine. Basel: Karger; 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Nelson DGA. The influence of carbonate on the atomic-structure and reactivity of hydroxyapalite. J Dent Res. 1981;60:1621–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Vignoles M, Bonel G, Holcomb DW, Young RA. Influence of preparation conditions on the composition of Type-B carbonated hydroxyapatite and on the localization of the carbonate ions. Calcif Tissue Int. 1988;43:33–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Rey C, Collins B, Goehl T, Dickson IR, Glimcher MJ. The carbonate environment in bone mineral: a resolution-enhanced Fourier-transform infrared-spectroscopy study. Calcif Tissue Int. 1989;45:157–64.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Elliot JC. Structure and chemistry of the apatites and other calcium orthophosphates. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gibson IR, Bonfield W. Novel synthesis and characterization of an AB-type carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite. J Biomed Mater Res. 2002;59:697–708.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Greish YE, Brown PW. Phase evolution during the formation of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite at 37.4°C. J Biomed Mater Res Appl Biomater. 2003;67B:632–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Martin RI, Brown PW. Aqueous formation of hydroxyapatite. J Biomed Mater Res. 1997;35:299–308.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Brown PW, Hocker N, Hoyle S. Variations in solution chemistry during the low-temperature formation of hydroxyapatite. J Am Ceram Soc. 1991;74:1848–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Martin RI, Brown PW. Formation of hydroxyapatite in serum. J Mater Sci: Mater Med. 1994;5:96–102.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Miyamoto Y, Toh T, Ishikawa K, Yuasa T, Nagayama M, Suzuki K. Effect of added NaHCO3 on the basic properties of apatite cement. J Biomed Mater Res. 2001;54:311–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Martin RI, Brown PW. Mechanical-properties of hydroxyapatite formed at physiological temperature. J Mater Sci: Mater Med. 1995;6:138–43.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Demaeyer EAP, Verbeeck RMH. Possible substitution mechanism for sodium and carbonate in calciumhydroxyapatite. Bull Soc Chim Belg. 1993;102:601–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Martin RI, Brown PW. Hydration of tetracalcium phosphate. Adv Cement Res. 1993;5:119–25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Barralet J, Best S, Bonfield W. Carbonate substitution in precipitated hydroxyapatite: an investigation into the effects of reaction temperature and bicarbonate ion concentration. J Biomed Mater Res. 1998;41:79–86.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. LeGeros RZ, Trautz OR, Legeros JP, Klein E. Apatite crystallites: effects of carbonate on morphology. Science. 1967;155:1409–11.

    Article  PubMed  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Fulmer MT, Brown PW. Effects of Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4 on hydroxyapatite formation. J Biomed Mater Res. 1993;27:1095–102.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Apfelbaum F, Diab H, Mayer I, Featherstone JDB. An FTIR study of carbonate in synthetic apatites. J Inorg Biochem. 1992;45:277–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Krajewski A, Mazzocchi M, Buldini PL, Ravaglioli A, Tinti A, Taddei P, et al. Synthesis of carbonated hydroxyapatites: efficiency of the substitution and critical evaluation of analytical methods. J Mol Struct. 2005;744:221–8.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 136 Materials Research Laboratory Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA

    Jacqueline Lee Sturgeon & Paul Wencil Brown

Authors
  1. Jacqueline Lee Sturgeon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paul Wencil Brown
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paul Wencil Brown.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sturgeon, J.L., Brown, P.W. Effects of carbonate on hydroxyapatite formed from CaHPO4 and Ca4(PO4)2O. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 20, 1787–1794 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3752-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3752-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation