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Diamond as a scaffold for bone growth

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Abstract

Diamond is an attractive material for biomedical implants. In this work, we investigate its capacity as a bone scaffold. It is well established that the bioactivity of a material can be evaluated by examining its capacity to form apatite-like calcium phosphate phases on its surface when exposed to simulated body fluid. Accordingly, polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) deposited by microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition were exposed to simulated body fluid and assessed for apatite growth when compared to the bulk silicon. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that both UNCD and PCD are capable of acting as a bone scaffold. The composition of deposited apatite suggests that UNCD and PCD are suitable for in vivo implantation with UNCD possible favoured in applications where rapid osseointegration is essential.

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Acknowledgments

A.D.G. acknowledges the Australian Research Council for financial support (Project No. DP0880466). This work was supported by the University of Melbourne Interdisciplinary Seed Funding scheme. K.F. is financially supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through its Special Research Initiative (SRI) in Bionic Vision Science and Technology grant to Bionic Vision Australia (BVA) and by the University of Melbourne Research Collaboration Grant scheme. K.F acknowledges the support of Surgical Design and Manufacture Ltd and Prof. Steven Prawer. The authors wish to acknowledge the facilities, and the scientific and technical assistance, of the Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility at the RMIT Microscopy & Microanalysis Facility, at RMIT University and Dr Jiri Cervenka for FIB-SEM assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia

    Kate Fox & Andrew D. Greentree

  2. Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC, 3053, Australia

    Joseph Palamara & Roy Judge

  3. Department of Applied Physics, School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia

    Andrew D. Greentree

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  1. Kate Fox
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Correspondence to Kate Fox.

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Fox, K., Palamara, J., Judge, R. et al. Diamond as a scaffold for bone growth. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 24, 849–861 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4860-2

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