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The separation in coordination between social- and self-regulation for emerging adults with type 1 diabetes

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Abstract

To examine how self-regulation and social-regulation surrounding type 1 diabetes (T1D) management are coordinated during early emerging adulthood and whether classes of coordination relate to HbA1c and executive functioning (EF). Emerging adult participants (N = 212) with T1D (M age = 18.8 years, SD = .40) completed a 14-day diary to capture components of self-regulation and social-regulation. A mixture multi-level latent coordination model first determined the separate but coordinated factor structure of self- and social-regulation, then determined the number of distinct classes of coordination and how those classes linked to HbA1c and EF. The best-fitting model included three coordinative factors (self, mother, and father) of regulation and two distinct classes. The class with lower HbA1c and higher EF had more stable self- and social-regulation, more connections between self- and social-regulation and reflected more adaptive patterns, consistent with medical management goals. Social connection with parents may aid in regulation during this at-risk transitional time of emerging adulthood.

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Notes

  1. Entropy can be used in mixture modeling as an indicator of the difference between classes. With an entropy of .938, we can be reasonably certain that the classes are in fact capturing distinct patterns.

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Acknowledgements

Funding was provided by National Science Foundation and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (Grant No. R01DK092939).

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Author notes

  1. Amy Hughes Lansing

    Present address: Department of Psychology, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA

    A. K. Munion, Jonathan E. Butner, Caitlin S. Kelly, Sara L. Turner, Amy Hughes Lansing & Cynthia A. Berg

  2. Psychological Sciences, University of California-Merced, Merced, USA

    Deborah J. Wiebe

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  1. A. K. Munion
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  2. Jonathan E. Butner
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Correspondence to A. K. Munion.

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Conflict of interest

A. K. Munion, Jonathan E. Butner, Caitlin S. Kelly, Deborah J. Wiebe, Sara L. Turner, Amy Hughes Lansing and Cynthia A. Berg declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All research was conducted under the guidance and oversight of the University of Utah, University of California at Merced, and University of Texas Southwestern Institutional Review Boards.

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All procedures followed were in accordance with ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000. Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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Munion, A.K., Butner, J.E., Kelly, C.S. et al. The separation in coordination between social- and self-regulation for emerging adults with type 1 diabetes. J Behav Med 43, 892–903 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-020-00134-5

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