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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection Among a Population of Blood Donors in the Kpandai District of Northern Ghana: A Five-Year Retrospective Study from 2014 to 2018

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Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an infectious disease that is specific to the liver, causing both acute and chronic hepatitis. This study determined the trend of HBV infection among blood donors in the Kpandai District Hospital from January 2014 to December 2018. Retrospective analysis of donor profiles for a period of 5 years was used to assess the distribution of seropositive cases in relation to age, sex, and trend. The data was collected using pre-designed questionnaire and managed using Microsoft Excel spread sheet 2013. The overall sero-prevalence of HBV was 8.2% (230/2802). The year to year analysis depicted significant trends in reduction of HBV infection among the study population at a rate of 13 percentage points above the mean from 2014 to 2015, and 4.3 percentage points below the mean from 2016 to 2018 across the period. The prevalence in males was 8.4% (225/2687) and that of the females was 4.4% (5/115) and the highest rate of infection was among those below 30 years 9.8% (163/1666). Although the general prevalence of HBV infection was high (8.2%), there was a significant trend reduction in rate of infection across the study period. This suggests that the public health interventional strategies put in place to manage the HBV infection in Kpandai District seem to be working.

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Acknowledgements

We express our appreciation to the Blood bank of Kpandai District Hospital for giving us access to the data used for the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana

    Ahmed Tijani Bawah, Silas Kinanyok, Albert Abaka-Yawson, Richard Darko & Abdul-Wahab Mawuko Hamid

  2. Kpandai District Hospital, P.O. Box 35, Kpandai, Ghana

    Benjamin Mwintumah

  3. GRA Custom Division, P. O. Box KF304, Koforidua, Ghana

    Lincoln Toamsoma Ngambire

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  1. Ahmed Tijani Bawah
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  2. Silas Kinanyok
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  7. Abdul-Wahab Mawuko Hamid
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Correspondence to Ahmed Tijani Bawah.

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Ethical Approval

The protocol used for the study was approved by the University of Health and Allied Sciences’ Research Ethical Committee (Protocol Number: UHAS-REC/A.4 [227] 18-19).

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Bawah, A.T., Kinanyok, S., Abaka-Yawson, A. et al. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Infection Among a Population of Blood Donors in the Kpandai District of Northern Ghana: A Five-Year Retrospective Study from 2014 to 2018. J Community Health 45, 1220–1227 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-020-00862-4

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