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Exploring the Modulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α by Volatile Anesthetics as a Possible Mechanism Underlying Volatile Anesthetic-Induced CNS Injury

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Abstract

This review summarizes recent research on the potential cognitive and behavioural abnormalities induced by exposure to volatile anesthetics and suggests a role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in mediating these events. Volatile anesthetics are widely utilized in clinical and research settings, yet the long-term safety of exposure to these agents is under debate. Findings from various animal models suggest volatile anesthetics induce widespread apoptosis in the central nervous system (CNS) that correlates with lasting deficits in learning and memory. Longitudinal analysis of clinical data highlight an increased risk of developmental disorders later in life when children are exposed to volatile anesthetics, particularly when exposures occur over multiple sessions. However, the mechanisms underlying these events have yet to be established. Considering the extensive use of volatile anesthetics, it is crucial that these events are better understood. The possible role of HIF-1α in volatile anesthetic-induced CNS abnormalities will be suggested and areas requiring urgent attention will be outlined.

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Acknowledgments

These studies were supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia of which Andrew John Lawrence is a Principal Research Fellow and the Australian Research Council of which Jhodie Rubina Duncan is a Future Fellow. Financial support from the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support Program is also acknowledged.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Behavioural Neuroscience, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, L3, Kenneth Myer Building, Cnr Genetics Lane on Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia

    Emma K. Giles, Andrew J. Lawrence & Jhodie R. Duncan

  2. Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia

    Emma K. Giles & Jhodie R. Duncan

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  1. Emma K. Giles
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Giles, E.K., Lawrence, A.J. & Duncan, J.R. Exploring the Modulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α by Volatile Anesthetics as a Possible Mechanism Underlying Volatile Anesthetic-Induced CNS Injury. Neurochem Res 39, 1640–1647 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-014-1379-y

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